Reducing users' perceived mental effort due to interruptive notifications in multi-device mobile environments

Okoshi, T.; Ramos, Julian; Nozaki, Hiroki; Nakazawa, Jin; Dey, Anind K.; Tokuda, Hideyuki

doi:10.1145/2750858.2807517

Cited by 105 publications

(63 citation statements)

References 33 publications

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“…This confirms a long history of findings that notifications interrupt [4,18,33] and have negative effects on task performance [1,4,10,11,16,18,21,23,27,30,39,38]. This strengthens the need for research about delivering notifications at opportune moments [16,29,30]. However, some participants of our study also expressed that they did not feel interrupted by notifications, which might be explained by the finding the interruptions are perceived differently, depending on the nature of the concurrent activity [26], and that productivity impairments can be largely explained by the inattention introduced by notifications [21].…”

Section: Notifications Drive Phone Use and Distractsupporting

confidence: 88%

Productive, anxious, lonely

Pielot

Rello

2017

Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction With Mobile Devices and Services

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We report from the Do Not Disturb Challenge where 30 volunteers disabled notification alerts for 24 hours across all devices. The effect of the absence of notifications on the participants was isolated through an experimental study design: we compared self-reported feedback from the day without notifications against a baseline day. The evidence indicates that notifications have locked us in a dilemma: without notifications, participants felt less distracted and more productive. But, they also felt no longer able to be as responsive as expected, which made some participants anxious. And, they felt less connected with one's social group. In contrast to previous reports, about two third of the participants expressed the intention to change how they manage notifications. Two years later, half of the participants are still following through with their plans.

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Section: Notifications Drive Phone Use and Distractsupporting

confidence: 88%

Productive, anxious, lonely

Pielot

Rello

2017

Proceedings of the 19th International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction With Mobile Devices and Services

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“…with a mean age around 50) but four studies [7], [38], [39], [40] with participants younger than 30. Also, there is a gender imbalance, as only one study [41] established gender balance, while all other studies had more men than women with the gender ratio women to men going as low as 1 to 3 [7].…”

Section: A Search Strategy Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This works well when a large number of participants are randomized or the order of the notification strategies is altered often. Consequently, we judged the risk of a period effect to be high in three [6], [7], [39] out of seven studies. Only one study [38] implemented an apriori balanced study design.…”

Section: Risk Of Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only one study [38] implemented an apriori balanced study design. In addition, studies rarely reported how missing data was handled in the analysis and we thus were not able to assess attrition bias in four studies [7], [18], [19], [39]. Because the main outcome in most studies was a stable behavioral variable (e.g.…”

Section: Risk Of Biasmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Notifications interrupt individuals and decrease task performance [4], [5]. Consequently, interruptions are associated with costs and are also associated with frustration [6] and an individual's feeling of being constantly interrupted by his or her computer system [7]. While the number of notifications has increased, the attention of an individual has remained constant.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Efficacy of mobile context-aware notification management systems: A systematic literature review and meta-analysis

Künzler

Kramer

Kowatsch

2017

2017 IEEE 13th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications (WiMob)

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Abstract-Notifications can be relevant but they can also decrease productivity when delivered at the wrong point in time. Smartphones are increasingly capable of detecting relevant context information with the goal to decrease the number of these badly timed interruptions. Accordingly, research on contextaware notification management systems (CNMSs) on mobile devices has received increasing attention recently, prototypes have been built and empirically evaluated. However, there exists no systematic overview of mobile CNMSs evaluating their efficacy. The objectives of the current work are therefore to identify relevant empirical studies that have assessed the efficacy of mobile CNMSs and to discuss the findings with respect to future work. A systematic literature review and meta-analysis was conducted to address these objectives. Consistent with prior work, two efficacy metrics were applied: response rate and response delay. A keyword-based search strategy was used and resulted in 1'634 studies, out of which 8 were relevant for the topic. Findings indicate that mobile CNMSs increase the response rate, while there was only little evidence that they reduce response time, too. Implications for researchers and practitioners are discussed and future research is outlined that aims at further increasing the efficacy of mobile CNMSs.

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