Reducing soil CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions through management of harvest residues in Chinese fir plantation

Wang, Xu; Gao, Shenghua; Chen, Jiquan; Yao, Zengwang; Zhang, Xudong

doi:10.1016/j.foreco.2022.120140

Cited by 6 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 70 publications

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“…It has been shown that fire can change the fungal species composition and promote the dominance of specific species or enhance the spectrum [ 15 ]. In the present study, Paraglomus were all present in soils burned at different intensities of fire, while Glomus , Ambispora , Acaulospora , and Archaeospora were not evenly distributed ( Figure 6 ), which is consistent with other studies [ 58 ]. The most abundant Glomus was due to its strong environmental adaptability and unique reproductive characteristics, with a high spore production rate that allowed it to colonize different environments and be highly adaptable [ 59 ].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Reduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Diversity in Light and Moderate Fire Sites in Taiga Forests, Northeast China

Cheng

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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Forest fires are an important disturbance factor in forest ecosystems, and obviously change the soil environment. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi, as a medium and bridge between vegetation and soil, play a crucial role in mediating plant nutrient uptake and regulating the productivity, stability, and succession of vegetation–soil systems. To investigate the effects of forest fires on the community structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in cold-temperate Larix gmelinii forests, we collected soils from light, moderate, and heavy fire disturbance forests and a natural forest as a control forest in Greater Khingan Larix gmelinii forests, in the northeast of China. The community structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi was sequenced using Illumina MiSeq technology and we analyzed the correlation with the soil physicochemical characteristics. The results showed that the contents of microbial biomass content (MBC), moisture content (MC), total nitrogen (TN), and available phosphors (AP) increased significantly (p < 0.05) with increasing fire intensity (from Light to heavy fire), but available potassium (AK) decreased significantly (p < 0.05). These changes were not significant. A total of 14,554 valid sequences from all sequences were classified into 66 ASVs that belonged into one phylum, one order, four families, and four genera. The genera included Glomus, Ambispora, Paraglomus, and Acaulospora, and Glomus was the dominant genus (the genera with the five most relative abundances) in the control and heavy-fire forests. Non-metric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that forest fires significantly affected the community structure of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (p < 0.01). Redundancy analysis (RDA) showed that MBC, SOC, and AP contents significantly affected the composition structure and diversity of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities. This study indicated that forest fires affected the composition and diversity of soil arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi communities through changing the soil physicochemical parameters (MBC, SOC, and AP) in cold-temperate Larix gmelinii forests. The study of soil physicochemical properties and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi diversity in cold-temperate Larix gmelinii forests in the Greater Khingan Mountains after forest fires provides a reference basis for the revegetation and reconstruction of fire sites.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 93%

Reduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Diversity in Light and Moderate Fire Sites in Taiga Forests, Northeast China

Cheng

et al. 2023

Microorganisms

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“…However, the effect of soil temperature on soil CH 4 fluxes is also modified by soil water Frontiers in Microbiology frontiersin.org content (Oertel et al, 2016). Coinciding with previous studies (Chen et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022), our study showed a significantly positive relationship between soil water content and soil CH 4 fluxes (Supplementary Table S1). High soil water content in SLL can not only enhance anaerobic soil conditions which prefer soil CH 4 production but also inhibit gas diffusion and ultimately lead to higher soil CH 4 fluxes in SLL, compared with RL and LL.…”

Section: Effect Of Understory Species On Soil Ch 4 Fluxessupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Meanwhile, understory species can affect soil temperature and moisture by shading and its effect of evapotranspiration (Bond-Lamberty et al, 2011;Myers-Smith et al, 2011). Soil GHG fluxes are highly sensitive to soil temperature and moisture (Chen et al, 2021;Duan et al, 2022;Wang et al, 2022). However, the understory management experiments show that the effects of understory vegetation on soil temperature and moisture differ among understory species (Li et al, 2010;Zhang et al, 2015).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Soil CO 2 , CH 4 , and N 2 O fluxes also respond differently to edaphic factors (Chen et al, 2021). On the one hand, soil CO 2 fluxes are mainly regulated by soil temperature; soil CH 4 fluxes are more susceptible to soil moisture and an increase in soil moisture enhances anaerobic soil conditions, which favors soil CH 4 production; while both soil temperature and moisture have significant impacts on soil N 2 O emissions (Song et al, 2021;Wang et al, 2022). On the other hand, soil nitrate-nitrogen (NO 3 − −N) and ammonium-nitrogen (NH 4 + − N) are the main substrates of soil N 2 O production (Han and Zhu, 2020).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Understory species composition mediates soil greenhouse gas fluxes by affecting bacterial community diversity in boreal forests

Duan

Xiao²,

Cai³

et al. 2023

Front. Microbiol.

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IntroductionPlant species composition in forest ecosystems can alter soil greenhouse gas (GHG) budgets by affecting soil properties and microbial communities. However, little attention has been paid to the forest types characterized by understory vegetation, especially in boreal forests where understory species contribute significantly to carbon and nitrogen cycling.MethodIn the present study, soil GHG fluxes, soil properties and bacterial community, and soil environmental conditions were investigated among three types of larch forest [Rhododendron simsii-Larix gmelinii forest (RL), Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (LL), and Sphagnum-Bryum-Ledum palustre-Larix gmelinii forest (SLL)] in the typical boreal region of northeast China to explore whether the forest types characterized by different understory species can affect soil GHG fluxes.ResultsThe results showed that differences in understory species significantly affected soil GHG fluxes, properties, and bacterial composition among types of larch forest. Soil CO2 and N2O fluxes were significantly higher in LL (347.12 mg m−2 h−1 and 20.71 μg m−2 h−1) and RL (335.54 mg m−2 h−1 and 20.73 μg m−2 h−1) than that in SLL (295.58 mg m−2 h−1 and 17.65 μg m−2 h−1), while lower soil CH4 uptake (−21.07 μg m−2 h−1) were found in SLL than in RL (−35.21 μg m−2 h−1) and LL (−35.85 μg m−2 h−1). No significant differences between LL and RL were found in soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes. Soil bacterial composition was mainly dominated by Proteobacteria, Actinobacteria, Acidobacteria, and Chloroflexi among the three types of larch forest, while their abundances differed significantly. Soil environmental variables, soil properties, bacterial composition, and their interactions significantly affected the variations in GHG fluxes with understory species. Specifically, structural equation modeling suggested that soil bacterial composition and temperature had direct close links with variations in soil GHG fluxes among types of larch forest. Moreover, soil NO3−−N and NH4+ − N content also affected soil CO2, CH4, and N2O fluxes indirectly, via their effects on soil bacterial composition.DiscussionOur study highlights the importance of understory species in regulating soil GHG fluxes in boreal forests, which furthers our understanding of the role of boreal forests in sustainable development and climate change mitigation.

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“…However, the production of tiger nut results in a large amount of harvesting residues, since the perennial plant must be wholly withered, and sun dried to obtain the tuber in a process that can take up between 1 and 3 months. Subsequently, the aerial part of the plant can be considered a residue and it is currently removed by controlled burning, generating greenhouse gases and ashes that remain in the soil and contribute to its impoverishment (9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Chemical Composition and Bioactive Antioxidants Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Cyperus esculentus L. By-products: A Valorization Approach

et al. 2022

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Tiger nut is highly appreciated in the Mediterranean basin by the large number of nutritional advantages offered by a beverage, called “horchata,” which is directly obtained from the tuber of Cyperus esculentus L. However, the current tiger nut harvesting and processing practices generate a large number of residues, mainly a solid by-product after processing and the plant that remains spread out in the fields. In this work the plant residues have been fully characterized to get a clear picture of the possibilities for its valorization to generate products with high added value. Several analytical techniques have been applied to obtain data to assess the real possibilities of these residues in advanced applications in the food, packaging and nutrition sectors. Results on the compositional and elemental analysis, monosaccharide composition, phenolic concentration, and antioxidant capacity were obtained from the dry powder (DP). The high content of α-cellulose (47.2 ± 1.8%) in DP could open new possibilities for these residues as raw material in the production of cellulose nanoentities. Many essential minerals with nutritional interest (Na, Mg, Ca, Mn, Fe, Cu, and Zn) and free sugars (xylose, arabinose, glucose, and galacturonic acid) were identified in the DP making it an interesting source of valuable nutrients. The total carbohydrate content was 171 ± 31 mg gdm–1. In addition, microwave-assisted extraction (MAE) was used to obtain extracts rich in polyphenolic compounds. A Box–Behnken design (BBD) was used, and the optimal extraction conditions predicted by the model were 80°C, 18 min, ethanol concentration 40% (v/v), and solvent volume 77 mL, showing an extraction yield of 2.27 ± 0.09%, TPC value was 136 ± 3 mgGAE 100 gdm–1 and antioxidant capacity by the ABTS method was 8.41 ± 0.09 μmoltrolox gdm–1. Other assays (FRAP and DPPH) were also tested, confirming the high antioxidant capacity of DP extracts. Some polyphenols were identified and quantified: p-coumaric (7.67 ± 0.16 mg 100 gdm–1), ferulic (4.07 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm–1), sinapinic (0.50 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm–1) and cinnamic acids (1.10 ± 0.03 mg 100 gdm–1), 4-hydroxybenzaldehyde (1.28 ± 0.06 mg 100 gdm–1), luteolin (1.03 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm–1), and naringenin (0.60 ± 0.01 mg 100 gdm–1). It can be concluded that C. esculentus L. residues obtained from the tiger nut harvesting and horchata processing could be an important source of high value compounds with potential uses in different industrial sectors, while limiting the environmental hazards associated with the current agricultural practices.

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Reducing soil CO2, CH4 and N2O emissions through management of harvest residues in Chinese fir plantation

Cited by 6 publications

References 70 publications

Reduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Diversity in Light and Moderate Fire Sites in Taiga Forests, Northeast China

Reduced Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF) Diversity in Light and Moderate Fire Sites in Taiga Forests, Northeast China

Understory species composition mediates soil greenhouse gas fluxes by affecting bacterial community diversity in boreal forests

Chemical Composition and Bioactive Antioxidants Obtained by Microwave-Assisted Extraction of Cyperus esculentus L. By-products: A Valorization Approach

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