Reducing Refractive Index Variations in Compression Molded Lenses by Annealing

Tao, Bo; Shen, Lianguan; Yi, Allen Y.; Li, Mujun; Zhou, Jian

doi:10.4236/opj.2013.32b029

Cited by 6 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 19 publications

(19 reference statements)

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Experimental results indicated that the replicated glass microstructures had a good geometrical transferability. Tao et al 14 . used the compression molding technique to fabricate the macroscale glass lens and measured the refractive index variation of molded glass lenses by Mach–Zehnder interferometer.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Experimental results indicated that the replicated glass microstructures had a good geometrical transferability. Tao et al 14 used the compression molding technique to fabricate the macroscale glass lens and measured the refractive index variation of molded glass lenses by Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Utilizing the thermoplastic forming characteristic of optical glass in their supercooled liquid regions and providing with external forces, macro-to nanoscale optical glass structures can be easily manufactured.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

The evolution and generation of nanosurfaces and their microcontact mechanism in glass‐embossing process

Wang²,

Gong

2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Glass‐embossing technology has attracted great attention due to its promise of low‐cost and environmentally conscious fabrication of well‐defined and controllable surfaces and nanostructured devices. The embossed surface quality of glass structures is a very important index for optics. However, the evolutions of nanosurfaces and their microcontact mechanism during glass‐embossing process have not been deeply and comprehensively investigated. Here, we studied the surface morphology evolution of optical glass under different processing conditions using a tungsten carbide surface plate with nanoscale roughness as the mold. The light transmittances of different embossed glasses were detected by an ultraviolet spectrophotometer. The flow deformation and microcontact mechanism of glass‐supercooled liquids were revealed during glass‐embossing process. The result showed that the rough optical glass can successfully replicate the nanoscale smoothness of the tungsten carbide template without grinding or polishing. On the basis of the previous study, the glass‐surfaced structures from nanoscale to macroscale are fabricated. This work provides better understanding for the evolution of nanosurfaces and the fabrication of nanostructured optics during glass‐embossing process.

show abstract

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The evolution and generation of nanosurfaces and their microcontact mechanism in glass‐embossing process

Wang²,

Gong

2022

J Am Ceram Soc.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…It has been reported that residual stresses can severely alter the local density, and lead to inhomogeneous refractive index in an optical lens [84]. For instance, a residual stress of 3 MPa in P-BK7 glass lens can bring about a variation of refractive index of 4 Â 10 -4 , and thus produce unwanted changes in the light path, intensity, and deterioration of image quality [87,88]. Therefore, it is important to understand the formation mechanism of residuals stresses in PGM process and its effect on optical properties.…”

Section: Internal Property Changementioning

confidence: 99%

Precision glass molding: Toward an optimal fabrication of optical lenses

Zhang

Liu

2017

Front. Mech. Eng.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

It is costly and time consuming to use machining processes, such as grinding, polishing and lapping, to produce optical glass lenses with complex features. Precision glass molding (PGM) has thus been developed to realize an efficient manufacture of such optical components in a single step. However, PGM faces various technical challenges. For example, a PGM process must be carried out within the super-cooled region of optical glass above its glass transition temperature, in which the material has an unstable non-equilibrium structure. Within a narrow window of allowable temperature variation, the glass viscosity can change from 10 5 to 10 12 Pa$s due to the kinetic fragility of the super-cooled liquid. This makes a PGM process sensitive to its molding temperature. In addition, because of the structural relaxation in this temperature window, the atomic structure that governs the material properties is strongly dependent on time and thermal history. Such complexity often leads to residual stresses and shape distortion in a lens molded, causing unexpected changes in density and refractive index. This review will discuss some of the central issues in PGM processes and provide a method based on a manufacturing chain consideration from mold material selection, property and deformation characterization of optical glass to process optimization. The realization of such optimization is a necessary step for the Industry 4.0 of PGM.

show abstract

Thermoforming mechanism of precision glass moulding

Liu

Zhang

2015

Appl. Opt.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Reducing Refractive Index Variations in Compression Molded Lenses by Annealing

Cited by 6 publications

References 19 publications

The evolution and generation of nanosurfaces and their microcontact mechanism in glass‐embossing process

The evolution and generation of nanosurfaces and their microcontact mechanism in glass‐embossing process

Precision glass molding: Toward an optimal fabrication of optical lenses

Thermoforming mechanism of precision glass moulding

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About