Reducing nitrogen surplus and environmental losses by optimized nitrogen and water management in double rice cropping system of South China

Liang, Kun; Zhong, Xuhua; Pan, Junfeng; Nongrong, Huang; Liu, Yanzhuo; BiLin, Peng; Fu, Youqiang; Hu, Xiangyu

doi:10.1016/j.agee.2019.106680

Cited by 30 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 37 publications

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“…Consequently, the key factors influencing the high fertilizer application rates in China are the farmers' perceptions and knowledge of fertilizer use as well as profitability expectations [26]. With regard to 3CT, the positive effects of the technology are well-documented for monitored field trials [21,34,35]. These field studies have shown an increase in rice yields while demonstrating a considerable reduction of nitrogen fertilizer and pesticide application.…”

Section: Rationale Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Fertilizer Use in South China—Impacts and Implications on Smallholder Rice Farmers

2020

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Despite the overuse of fertilizer in China, yields have stagnated while environmental pollution has risen. To increase sustainable production, the “Three Controls” Technology (3CT) was adopted in Guangdong Province as an agricultural best management practice for rice production. Its goal is to reduce the fertilizer use of farmers while decreasing the number of unproductive tillers and controlling pests and diseases. The objective of this study was to determine the farmers’ perception of 3CT focusing on three different impact factors: economic, social, and environmental. Using a digital survey questionnaire application, 142 farmers from six villages in Guangdong Province were interviewed to evaluate perceived changes in their farming and livelihood since adopting 3CT. Results showed that the farmers were highly satisfied with 3CT. They perceived positive livelihood changes and increased agronomic performance with reduced fertilizer use. Farmers who had adopted 3CT for the longest perceived significantly higher levels of change, more benefits, and improved agricultural efficiency. The study showed that 3CT is highly appreciated by farmers due to its effectiveness, ease of use, and compatibility. Our model highlighted the relevance of including social and environmental impact analysis for sustainability research in agriculture. Ultimately, 3CT has the potential of being implemented in other regions of China.

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Section: Rationale Of the Studymentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduction of Fertilizer Use in South China—Impacts and Implications on Smallholder Rice Farmers

2020

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“…Research studies indicated that more gaseous N loss such as ammonia (NH 3 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) was observed in the continuous dry and wet alternation, but these losses did not affect N uptake significantly [59]. With more Nfertilizer input, the production of a large number of unproductive tillers was promoted in the vegetative stage, which wasted absorbed nutrients [41,60]. This reason also indirectly supported that AE, PFP and RE reduced with the increase of N application from N1 to N4 under both water treatments (Table 4).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Management on Water Productivity, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Leaching Loss in Rice Paddies

Chen

et al. 2022

Water

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Effective water and nitrogen (N) management strategies are critical for sustainable agricultural development. Lysimeter experiments with two deep percolation rates (low percolation and high percolation, i.e., LP and HP: 3 mm d−1 and 5 mm d−1) and five N application levels (N0~N4: 0, 60, 135, 210 and 285 kg N ha−1) were conducted to investigate the effects of controlled drainage on water productivity (WP) and N use efficiency (NUE) in water-saving irrigated paddy fields. The results demonstrated that NH4+-N and NO3−-N were the major components of total nitrogen (TN) in ponded water and leachate, accounting for more than 77.1% and 83.6% of TN, respectively. The risk of N leaching loss increased significantly under treatment of high percolation rates or high N application levels. High percolation loss required greater irrigation input, thus reducing WP. In addition, N uptake increased with increasing N application, but fertilization applied in excess of crop demand had a negative effect on grain yield. NUE was affected by the amount of N applied and increased with decreasing N levels. Water and N application levels had a significant effect on N uptake of rice, but their interaction on N uptake or NUE was not significant. For the LP and HP regimes, the highest N uptake and WP were obtained with N application levels of 285 kg ha−1 and 210 kg ha−1, respectively. Our overall results suggested that the combination of controlled drainage and water-saving irrigation was a feasible mitigation strategy to reduce N losses through subdrainage percolation and to provide more nutrients available for rice to improve NUE, thus reducing diffuse agricultural pollution. Long-term field trials are necessary to validate the lysimeter results.

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“…Previous studies have explored multiple strategies to mitigate N w and address global N pollution, such as enhancing cropland N use efficiency, e.g., by reducing fertilizer application intensity (20) and optimizing other agricultural management practices (21)(22)(23)(24). However, these studies have not adequately considered the impacts of EWYs.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mitigating nitrogen losses with almost no crop yield penalty during extremely wet years

Liu,

Li,

Huang

et al. 2024

Sci. Adv.

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Climate change–induced precipitation anomalies during extremely wet years (EWYs) result in substantial nitrogen losses to aquatic ecosystems (N w ). Still, the extent and drivers of these losses, and effective mitigation strategies have remained unclear. By integrating global datasets with well-established crop modeling and machine learning techniques, we reveal notable increases in N w , ranging from 22 to 56%, during historical EWYs. These pulses are projected to amplify under the SSP126 (SSP370) scenario to 29 to 80% (61 to 120%) due to the projected increases in EWYs and higher nitrogen input. We identify the relative precipitation difference between two consecutive years (diffPr) as the primary driver of extreme N w . This finding forms the basis of the CLimate Extreme Adaptive Nitrogen Strategy (CLEANS), which scales down nitrogen input adaptively to diffPr, leading to a substantial reduction in extreme N w with nearly zero yield penalty. Our results have important implications for global environmental sustainability and while safeguarding food security.

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Reducing nitrogen surplus and environmental losses by optimized nitrogen and water management in double rice cropping system of South China

Cited by 30 publications

References 37 publications

Reduction of Fertilizer Use in South China—Impacts and Implications on Smallholder Rice Farmers

Reduction of Fertilizer Use in South China—Impacts and Implications on Smallholder Rice Farmers

Effects of Water and Nitrogen Management on Water Productivity, Nitrogen Use Efficiency and Leaching Loss in Rice Paddies

Mitigating nitrogen losses with almost no crop yield penalty during extremely wet years

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