Reducing nitrogen application with dense planting increases nitrogen use efficiency by maintaining root growth in a double-rice cropping system

Jin, Chen; Zhu, Xin‐Guang; Xie, Jianghui; GuoQiang, Deng; Tu, Tianhua; Guan, Xianjiao; Yang, Zhen‐Yu; Huang, Shan; Chen, Xianmao; Cai-fei, Qiu; YinFei, Qian; Shao, Chang‐Lun; Xu, Minggang; Chun-rui, Peng

doi:10.1016/j.cj.2020.09.006

Cited by 38 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 36 publications

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“…In addition, the NUEg of the 2010s' rice was also increased (p < 0.05) under RNID (Table S5). These results indicate that RNID facilitated grain yield and NUE in modern conventional japonica rice rather than the old ones, which was consistent with the studies conducted with hybrid indica rice in south and central China [23,25,27]. For three varietal types, the increased panicles per m 2 could not fully compensate for the reduction of spikelets per panicle, which resulted in lower sink size under RNID.…”

Section: The Feasibility Of Rnid Facilitating Grain Yield and Nue Of Modern Conventional Japonica Ricesupporting

confidence: 87%

“…Many endeavors, such as reduced N rates with an increased planting density (RNID), were proposed for the optimization of grain yield and N use efficiency (NUE) in rice production. Compared with local cultivation practices (LCPs), RNID could maintain grain yield and NUE by raising panicles per m 2 [22,23], radiation interception and canopy photosynthesis potential [24,25], as well as leaf area index, shoot biomass accumulation [26], and root growth [27]. Moreover, RNID is also considered environmental friendly for mitigating greenhouse gas emissions [28,29].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Reduced Nitrogen Rate with Increased Planting Density Facilitated Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Modern Conventional Japonica Rice

Meng

Chen

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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The past three decades have seen a pronounced development of conventional japonica rice from the 1990s, although little information is available on changes regarding grain yield and nutrient use efficiency during this process. Nine conventional japonica rice released during the 1990s, 2000s, and 2010s were grown under a reduced nitrogen rate, with increased planting density (RNID) and local cultivation practice (LCP) in 2017 and 2018. The rice from the 2010s had 3.6–5.5% and 7.0–10.1% higher (p < 0.05) grain yield than the 2000s and the 1990s, respectively, under RNID and LCP. The harvest index contributed more to genetic yield gain from the 1990s to the 2000s; whereas from the 2000s to 2010s, yield increase contributed through shoot biomass. Genetic improvement increased total nitrogen (N), phosphorus (P), and potassium (K) accumulation, and their use efficiencies. The rice from the 2010s showed a similar grain yield, whereas the 1990s and 2000s’ rice exhibited a lower (p < 0.05) grain yield under RNID relative to LCP. RNID increased N, P, and K use efficiencies, particularly the N use efficiency for the grain yield (NUEg) of the 2010s’ rice, compared with LCP. For three varietal types, RNID increased the panicles per m2, the filled-grain percentage, and the grain weight (p < 0.05) while decreasing spikelets per panicle of the 2010s’ rice. Compared with LCP, RNID reduced non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) content and shoot biomass, at heading and maturity, while increasing the remobilization of NSC and the harvest index, especially for the 2010s’ rice. Our results suggested the impressive progressive increase in grain yield and nutrient use efficiency of conventional japonica rice since the 1990s in east China. RNID could facilitate grain yield and NUEg for modern conventional japonica rice.

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Section: The Feasibility Of Rnid Facilitating Grain Yield and Nue Of Modern Conventional Japonica Ricesupporting

confidence: 87%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Reduced Nitrogen Rate with Increased Planting Density Facilitated Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Modern Conventional Japonica Rice

Meng

Chen

et al. 2021

Agriculture

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“…In the present study, the TNC and GY increased with the level of N application, and were significantly higher in NEAs than NIAs. Aboveground dry matter accumulation is the material basis for the formation of rice yield ( Huang et al, 2019 ; Chen et al, 2020 ). Dry matter production of rice from heading to maturity stage accounts for approximately 90% of grain weight ( Dordas, 2009 ), and the more dry matter accumulation from the heading to maturity stage, the higher the yield ( Nagata et al, 2001 ; Jia et al, 2019 ; Deng et al, 2020 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Response of Grain Yield and Root Morphological and Physiological Traits to Nitrogen Levels in Paddy Rice

et al. 2021

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Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important crop in China. Although it is known that its yield is restricted by nitrogen (N) supply, the response of the root system to N supply specifically has not been systematically explored. This study aimed to investigate the effect of N uptake on grain yield to clarify the relationships between root morphophysiological traits and N uptake, and to understand relation between phytohormones and root morphophysiological traits. Two N-efficient absorption cultivars (NEAs) and two N-inefficient absorption cultivars (NIAs) were grown in the field, and three N conditions, deficient N (60 kg ha–1), intermediate N (180 kg ha–1), and sufficient N (240 kg ha–1), were applied during the growing season. The results showed higher dry matter and grain yield in NEAs than in NIAs, which was mainly attributed to increased N uptake in the mid- and late growth stages under all N conditions. And NEAs have different root regulation methods to obtain higher N accumulation and yield under different N supply conditions. Under lower N conditions, compared with NIAs, NEAs shown greater total root length, root oxidation activity, and root active absorbing surface area and smaller root diameter owing to higher indole-3-acetic acid and cytokinin content and lower 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid content in the early growth stages to respond to low N stress faster, laying a morphophysiological basis for its high N-uptake capacity in the mid- and late growth stages. Under higher N conditions, NEAs had higher root oxidation activity and root active absorbing surface area for N uptake and yield formation owing to higher abscisic acid and cytokinin content in the mid- and late growth stages, which improved the seed setting rate, thereby increasing the rice grain yield. These results suggest that NEAs can optimize the morphophysiological characteristics of roots through phytohormone regulation to adapt to different nutrient conditions, thereby promoting N accumulation and yield formation in rice.

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“…The study by [21] found that the application of urea resulted in a significant decrease in 1000grain weight for late-harvested rice. Further, all fertilizer treatments resulted in significantly longer panicles than the control.…”

Section: Effect Of Fertilizer Treatment On Plant Morphologymentioning

confidence: 99%

Response of Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphological Characteristics to Nitrogen Fertilizers in Taveta, Kenya

Chawana¹,

Gacheru²,

Maghenda³

et al. 2021

IJPSS

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This study investigated the effect of applying nitrogenous fertilizers on the morphological traits in six paddy rice varieties in Taveta, Kenya. The six paddy rice varieties, including local control, were tested during the 2018 and 2019 seasons. The experiments were laid out in a split-plot design with three replications. The main plot was the fertilizer treatment while the subplot was the varieties tested including NIBAM-11, K2-9, MWIR-2, R-1081, Silewa, and a local control Saro. The fertilizer treatments were no fertilizer, farm yard manure (FYM) alone, FYM+Urea fertilizer, and FYM+CAN fertilizer. Significant differences (P < 0.05) among varieties were observed for all the morphological traits that were assessed. Silewa was the tallest plant (111 cm), had the highest number of grains per panicle (163), and also the highest 1000-grain weight (29.2 g). Fertilizer treatments had significant effects on plant height, leaf length, number of tillers, panicle length, and number of grains per panicle. FYM+Urea resulted in the highest number of grains per panicle while FYM alone resulted in the highest 1000- grain weight (25.56 g). Varieties significantly interacted with fertilizers for the number of grains per panicle. Leaf length had significant direct association with 1000-grain weight (r = 0.427) and grains per panicle (r = 0.874). It can be recommended that there is an opportunity to use farm yard manure alone or in combination with an inorganic fertilizer to improve yield traits while reducing dependence on inorganic fertilizers.

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Reducing nitrogen application with dense planting increases nitrogen use efficiency by maintaining root growth in a double-rice cropping system

Cited by 38 publications

References 36 publications

Reduced Nitrogen Rate with Increased Planting Density Facilitated Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Modern Conventional Japonica Rice

Reduced Nitrogen Rate with Increased Planting Density Facilitated Grain Yield and Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Modern Conventional Japonica Rice

The Response of Grain Yield and Root Morphological and Physiological Traits to Nitrogen Levels in Paddy Rice

Response of Paddy Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Morphological Characteristics to Nitrogen Fertilizers in Taveta, Kenya

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