Reducing malaria by mosquito-proofing houses

Lindsay, Steve W.; Emerson, Paul M.; Charlwood, J. D.

doi:10.1016/s1471-4922(02)02382-6

Cited by 194 publications

(197 citation statements)

References 19 publications

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“…Historically, malaria has been controlled in many parts of the tropics by mosquito-proofing houses with screens, [1][2][3][4] but since the 1950s this technology has been largely ignored. To assess whether house screening could be reintroduced as an effective malaria control strategy this century, a three-arm randomized controlled trial was conducted near the Medical Research Council Laboratories at Farafenni in The Gambia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Acceptability and Durability of Two Different House Screening Interventions against Exposure to Malaria Vectors, Plasmodium falciparum Infection, and Anemia in Children in The Gambia, West Africa

Kirby¹,

Bah²,

Jones³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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Abstract. The social acceptability and durability of two house screening interventions were addressed using focus group discussions, questionnaires, indoor climate measurements, and durability surveys. Participants recognized that screening stopped mosquitoes (79-96%) and other insects (86-98%) entering their houses. These and other benefits were appreciated by significantly more recipients of full screening than users of screened ceilings. Full screened houses were 0.26°C hotter at night ( P = 0.05) than houses with screened ceilings and 0.51°C ( P < 0.001) hotter than houses with no screening (28.43°C), though only 9% of full screened house users and 17% of screened ceiling users complained about the heat. Although 71% of screened doors and 85% of ceilings had suffered some damage after 12 months, the average number of holes of any size was < 5 for doors and < 7 for ceilings. In conclusion, house screening is a well-appreciated and durable vector control tool.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Social Acceptability and Durability of Two Different House Screening Interventions against Exposure to Malaria Vectors, Plasmodium falciparum Infection, and Anemia in Children in The Gambia, West Africa

Kirby¹,

Bah²,

Jones³

et al. 2010

The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene

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“…Installing proofing in windows and ventilators of houses was also underutilized as has been found in a related study 31 . Although proofing of windows, ventilators and open eaves has historically been used to prevent entry of mosquitoes in houses, the method has been ignored in many communities 32 . In addition to promotion of use of ITNs and IRS, advocating the use of other malaria prevention methods is important in reducing the burden of the disease in endemic countries.…”

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confidence: 99%

Knowledge and practices on malaria prevention in two rural communities in Wakiso District, Uganda

Musoke¹,

Karani²,

Ssempebwa³

et al. 2015

Afr H. Sci.

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Background: Malaria is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Uganda particularly among children under 5 years of age. Objectives: The study assessed the knowledge and practices on malaria prevention in 2 rural communities in Wakiso District, Uganda with emphasis on the various prevention methods. Methods: The study was a cross-sectional survey carried out among 376 households using both quantitative and qualitative methods. Log-binomial regression, chi square and Spearman's rank order correlation were used to test for associations. Results: The majority of participants (64.6%) had low knowledge on malaria prevention methods, with untreated mosquito nets (81.7%), mosquito coils (36.9%) and insecticide treated nets (29.6%) being the most known methods. Knowledge on malaria prevention methods was associated with age (χ2 = 32.1; p < 0.01), employment status (χ2 = 18.1; p < 0.01), education (χ2 = 20.3; p = 0.01), income (χ2 = 14.5; p = 0.01) and having heard a malaria message in the previous 12 months (χ2 = 92.3; p < 0.01). Households that had at least one mosquito net were 45.5% and net ownership increased with household income. Only 0.5% of the houses had undergone indoor residual spraying in the previous 12 months, while 2.1% had complete mosquito proofing in windows and ventilators to prevent mosquito entry. Conclusion: There is potential to improve practices on malaria prevention by targeting other methods beyond mosquito nets such as installing proofing in windows and ventilators. The integrated approach to malaria prevention which advocates the use of several malaria prevention methods in a holistic manner should be explored for this purpose.

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“…Screening was highly effective in reducing overall indoor mosquito density by 40% in Ethiopia, [60] 59% in Gambia [61] and a reduction in incidence of malaria and prevalence of anaemia. [62] Fitting nets or metal mesh on windows and a secondary door (automatically controlled by an elastic band or iron spring), could reduce mosquitoes entering houses. [63] Less technology is required in screening, uses locally available materials, skills and labour, [64] hence, highly organisationally feasible.…”

Section: Strategies To Address Community Educationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Enhancing Malaria Prevention in Cameroon Through Community Participation: An in-Depth Review

Mbako¹

2017

CAJPH

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Abstract:Despite 66 percent reduction in mortality between 2000 and 2015, malaria remains a major global public health problem, affecting mostly Sub-Saharan Africa. Cameroon remains endemic to malaria, with about 41 percent suffering at least one episode of malaria, annual overall mortality of 30 to 35 percent and 67 percent childhood mortality. Cameroon government's subsidy on artemisinin combination therapy (ACT) for uncomplicated malaria, intermittent preventive treatment for pregnant women (IPTp), free distribution of insecticide treated bed nets (ITNs) to pregnant women and under-fives have been more of a top-down approach, with the affected communities mainly at the receiving end. Challenges of failed adherence to test results, drug and insecticide resistance, substandard and self-medication, low ITN ownership and utilisation have been identified, especially in the rural areas. This study reviews malaria prevention in Cameroon and proposes community based context-specific complementary interventions strategies that will promote community participation in prevention and mitigate the effects of poverty towards achievement of the sustainable development goals targets for malaria. The study involved an in-depth review of secondary data from electronic and non-electronic documents. Electronic search was done in Global Health, PubMed, governmental and non-governmental organisation websites, journals and google scholar. Non-electronic documents from the University of Leeds and World Health Organisation (WHO), Geneva libraries were also used. A conceptual framework on integrated community-based approach on intervention to prevent neglected tropical diseases and infectious diseases of poverty was adapted and used, while different intervention strategies were analysed. A total of 96 publications were eligible for inclusion. Analysis of the factors influencing malaria prevention in Cameroon, reveals that current measures alone are insufficient. Therefore, a combination of multiple delivery strategies using an integrated community-based approach is likely to be more effective in breaking the transmission cycle than single programme interventions. Concurrent implementation of community mobilisation through social groups and Village Development Committees, education on house screening, training of mothers and caregivers and health promotion through environmental management were recommended as the best and most feasible strategies to complement current interventions in Cameroon.

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Reducing malaria by mosquito-proofing houses

Cited by 194 publications

References 19 publications

Social Acceptability and Durability of Two Different House Screening Interventions against Exposure to Malaria Vectors, Plasmodium falciparum Infection, and Anemia in Children in The Gambia, West Africa

Social Acceptability and Durability of Two Different House Screening Interventions against Exposure to Malaria Vectors, Plasmodium falciparum Infection, and Anemia in Children in The Gambia, West Africa

Knowledge and practices on malaria prevention in two rural communities in Wakiso District, Uganda

Enhancing Malaria Prevention in Cameroon Through Community Participation: An in-Depth Review

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