“…Surprisingly, many quality improvement studies show counterintuitive or unintended negative consequences from interventions, or they demonstrate that interventions are sometimes unsustainable (Raban & Westbrook, 2014). Interventions can result in more but shorter interruptions (Tomietto, Sartor, Mazzocoli, & Palese, 2012), fewer but longer interruptions (Craig, Clanton, & Demeter, 2014), more interruptions from colleagues but fewer from patients (Tomietto et al, 2012) or even an increase in both medication errors and reported interruptions (Yoder, Schadewald, & Dietrich, 2015). A recent stochastic simulation demonstrated that a combination of interventions intended to reduce interruptions actually predicted an increase in interruptions to other direct care tasks, due to the deferment of work (Myers & Parikh, 2019).…”