Reducing Insecticide Volume and Nontarget Effects of Ambrosia Beetle Management in Nurseries

Frank, Steven D.; Sadof, Clifford S.

doi:10.1603/ec11124

Cited by 60 publications

(44 citation statements)

References 22 publications

(3 reference statements)

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“…Verbenone reduced the attraction of X germanus and G materiarius to herbicide-injected P resinosa trap trees, but was also not completely effective at preventing ambrosia beetle attacks (Dodds and Miller 2010). No ambrosia beetle attacks occurred on neighboring water-injected trees as part of our current study, which supports previous observations regarding a lack of attacks on neighboring trees not emitting ethanol (Ranger et al , 2012Frank and Sadof 2011;Reding et al 2013).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

“…Xylosandrus crassiusculus Þrst was reported on peach trees from Summerville, SC in 1974 and has also been reported from many states in the United States, including Hawaii (Anderson 1974, Solomon 1995, LaBonte et al 2005, Rabaglia et al 2006, Cognato and Rubinoff 2008. Xylosandrus germanus tends to be the most common species of ambrosia beetle attacking nursery stock in Ohio and other midwestern states , although X crassiusculus is more abundant and problematic in mid-Atlantic, southeastern, and southern states Mannion 2001, Frank andSadof 2011).…”

mentioning

confidence: 98%

“…An efÞcient olfactory mechanism aids X germanus and X crassiusculus in distinguishing among host qualities and locating trees emitting ethanol and other semiochemicals, but neighboring trees not emitting ethanol generally are not attacked (Weber and McPherson 1984;Ranger et al 2010Ranger et al , 2012Ranger et al , 2013P.B.S., unpublished data). Stem injection of ethanol into living trees induces attacks on speciÞc trees by X germanus, X crassiusculus, and other ambrosia beetles, but neighboring noninjected or water-injected trees usually are not colonized (Ranger et al , 2012Frank and Sadof 2011;Reding et al 2013). Ethanolinjected trap trees have been critical for measuring the efÞcacy of conventional and botanically-based insecticides (Ranger et al 2011a, Frank and Sadof 2011, and could be useful for attracting ambrosia beetles away from valuable nursery stock as part of a "push-pull" management strategy (Pyke et al 1987, Miller and Cowles 1990, Cook et al 2007.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Stem injection of ethanol into living trees induces attacks on speciÞc trees by X germanus, X crassiusculus, and other ambrosia beetles, but neighboring noninjected or water-injected trees usually are not colonized (Ranger et al , 2012Frank and Sadof 2011;Reding et al 2013). Ethanolinjected trap trees have been critical for measuring the efÞcacy of conventional and botanically-based insecticides (Ranger et al 2011a, Frank and Sadof 2011, and could be useful for attracting ambrosia beetles away from valuable nursery stock as part of a "push-pull" management strategy (Pyke et al 1987, Miller and Cowles 1990, Cook et al 2007.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

et al. 2013

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We examined the extent to which verbenone, a bark beetle antiaggregation pheromone, interrupted the semiochemical-based attraction of ambrosia beetles. Field trapping studies conducted in Ohio showed that a verbenone dispenser with a release rate of 50 mg/d at 25°C reduced the attraction of Anisandrus sayi Hopkins, Euwallacea validus (Eichhoff), Hypothenemus dissimilis (Zimmermann), Xylosandrus germanus (Blandford), and Xyleborinus saxesenii (Ratzeburg) to ethanol-baited traps. A verbenone dispenser attached to ethanol-injected Magnolia virginiana L. trap trees deployed in Ohio also reduced ambrosia beetle attacks compared to trap trees without a verbenone dispenser. Subsequent field trials demonstrated a direct relationship between distance from a verbenone dispenser and ambrosia beetle attacks on trap trees in Ohio in 2011 and 2012 and Tennessee in 2012, but not in Tennessee and Virginia in 2011. Assessment of the influence of verbenone on the probability of attacks above a density threshold found that although attacks occurred on trap trees regardless of their proximity to a verbenone dispenser, the higher density of attacks per tree occurred on trap trees farthest away from the verbenone source in Ohio and Tennessee. Verbenone alone could be somewhat useful for discouraging ambrosia beetle attacks on individual trees or on a small spatial scale, but deployment of verbenone might be most effective when integrated as part of a "push-pull" strategy.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 78%

mentioning

confidence: 98%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

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“…In the same study, ÔAutumn BlazeÕ freeman maples were found to be most resistant to potato leafhopper and most susceptible to maple spider mites during midsummer. Applications of pesticides on the canopy of maple trees have been shown to cause outbreaks of spider mites (Frank and Sadof 2011). We have observed phytoseiid and stigmaeid mites in the genera Typhlodromus, Neoseiulus, and Zetzellia to be common on maple trees.…”

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confidence: 76%

Effects of Pesticide Application on Arthropod Pests of Nursery-Grown Maples

2014

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Insecticides used against potato leafhopper, Empoasca fabae (Harris) (Homoptera: Cicadellidae), have been reported to cause problems with maple spider mite, Oligonychus aceris (Shimer) (Acarina: Tetranychidae), on nursery-grown 'Red Sunset' red maple and 'Autumn Blaze' Freeman maple. To test this, we conducted two experiments on field-grown trees in nurseries. In the first, the effects of early-season pesticide applications were examined during 2009. The second experiment was conducted in 2010 to compare effects of using threshold levels of one, three, or six leafhoppers per branch to time applications. Pesticide applications reduced abundance and damage by leafhoppers in both cultivars, but increased populations of O. aceris on Autumn Blaze during 2009. In contrast, on Red Sunset, populations of O. aceris did not increase after insecticide applications. In 2010, insecticide applications did not increase abundance of O. aceris on Autumn Blaze because use of treatment thresholds to manage leafhoppers greatly reduced numbers of trees requiring treatment for leafhoppers. Two phytoseiid mites, Neoseiulus fallacis (Garman) and Typhlodromus caudiglans (Schuster), and one stigmaeid, Zetzellia mali (Ewing), were identified as the principal predators of O. aceris on maple leaves. Insecticide applications had no significant effects on the total abundance of predatory mites on either Red Sunset or Autumn Blaze maples in 2009 or 2010. However, populations of predator Z. mali were higher during both years on Red Sunset than on Autumn Blaze. These results suggest that both early-season pesticide use and cultivar can affect the likelihood of secondary outbreaks of spider mites on maples.

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Assessing the integrated pest management practices of southeastern US ornamental nursery operations

LeBude

White

Fulcher

et al. 2012

Pest Management Science

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Stronger emphasis is needed on deliberate scouting techniques and tools to monitor pest populations to provide earlier pest detection and greater flexibility of management options. Most respondents thought that IPM was effective and beneficial for both the environment and employees, but had concerns about the ability of natural enemies to control insect pests, and about the availability and effectiveness of alternatives to chemical controls. Research and field demonstration is needed for selecting appropriate natural enemies for augmentative biological control. Two groups utilized cooperative extension almost exclusively, which would be an avenue for educating those respondents.

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Reducing Insecticide Volume and Nontarget Effects of Ambrosia Beetle Management in Nurseries

Cited by 60 publications

References 22 publications

Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

Interruption of the Semiochemical-Based Attraction of Ambrosia Beetles to Ethanol-Baited Traps and Ethanol-Injected Trap Trees by Verbenone

Effects of Pesticide Application on Arthropod Pests of Nursery-Grown Maples

Assessing the integrated pest management practices of southeastern US ornamental nursery operations

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