Reducing Emissions and Costs in Solar Power: A Novel Approach with Aluminum Wiring

Abstract

One of the standout methods for harnessing renewable energy involves the conversion of solar radiation into electricity using solar cells. The globalization of photovoltaic systems faces challenges, such as balancing environmental, technical, and economic factors. This is addressed through the application of multi-criteria decision-making (MCDM) techniques, which are integral to sustainability. This study aims to determine optimal paths for electricity generation from solar panels, prioritizing minimal environmental impact, maximum efficiency, and the shortest cost payback period (CPP). After evaluating 108 different scenarios based on solar cell type, wiring material, wire sections, and pitch decisions, three solutions were identified. Decision-making tools were employed to select configurations that exhibited the least life cycle emissions, highest grid power injection capability, and the shortest CPP. A notable discovery is the recommendation to use aluminum wires instead of copper wires for electric installation, offering greater benefits. This finding underscores the significance of life cycle assessment in advising sustainable technology choices for solar power plants worldwide, challenging conventional practices like the use of copper wires.