Reducing component volatilization in borosilicate glass electromelting

Sobolev, I. A.; Lifanov, F. A.; Stefanovskii, S. V.; Дмитриев, С. А.; Zakharenko, V. N.; Kobelev, A. P.

doi:10.1007/bf00701650

Cited by 9 publications

(19 citation statements)

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“…Borosilicate glasses are of growing interest, especially for nuclear waste encapsulation [5,6], but they are already familiar both within and without laboratories, as pyrex is an optimized borosilicate glass, selected in 1915 from thousands of compositions for its optimized ability to sustain mechanical shock [7]. The ability to resist thermal shock depends on thermal expansivity, and because of thermal fluctuations during quenching there is a good correlation between the two abilities to resist shock [8].…”

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confidence: 99%

Structure and function of window glass and Pyrex

Phillips

Kerner

2008

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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Window glass is a ternary mixture, while pyrex (after window glass, the most common form of commercial glass) is a quaternary. Building on our previous success in deriving the composition of window glass (sodium calcium silicate) without adjustable parameters, and borrowing from known reconstructed crystalline surfaces, we model pyrex as silica clusters with a specific ternary interface. Our global model explains the thermal expansivity contours of ternary sodium borosilicates, and it is consistent with the optimized resistance of pyrex to mechanical and thermal shocks.It suggests new directions for studying the nanoscopic structure of these remarkable materials.In principle the structure of glasses is an exponentially complex combinatorial problem.In the early days of glass science it was customary to dismiss this problem by saying that network glasses, for example, form "continuous random networks", or that metallic glasses could be modeled by "random" packing of hard spheres. Modern glass theory goes far beyond these early models, but there are still many approaches to understanding glass structure and properties. One approach, that has the advantage of being close to commercial practice, is variational (standard for mathematical studies of non-polynomial complete (complex) problems) and focuses attention on optimizing structural properties as a function of composition. Here we adopt this approach to study pyrex (next to

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confidence: 99%

Structure and function of window glass and Pyrex

Phillips

Kerner

2008

The Journal of Chemical Physics

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“…Normalized mass losses NL i (g/cm 2 day) are (1) and rectangular carbon steel containers (2) used at Moscow SIA ''Radon'' for vitrification of LILW. [13] determined for nonradioactive and radioactive nuclides respectively from…”

Section: Durability Of Glassy Wasteformsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The role of glass network dissolution in this process is insignificant, and cation leaching is ion-selective with different leaching curves for different cations. Above pH = 9, the role of ion exchange becomes insignificant because of the high water concentration of hydroxyl ions, and thus, the glass network commences to dissolve rapidly via reaction [13]. In such basic media, the release of cations becomes congruent as destruction of the glass network results in practically complete dissolution of all glass constituents.…”

Section: ½10mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In such basic media, the release of cations becomes congruent as destruction of the glass network results in practically complete dissolution of all glass constituents. Note that the hydrolysis reaction [13] becomes impeded if solutions become silica saturated. The pH dependence of corrosion rate has a U-form curve with typical minimal changes in the near-neutral water solutions.…”

Section: ½10mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[13] Note that alkali-rich wastes at the Hanford site are also immobilized in glassy wasteforms with high crystal contents that characterize them as GCMs. [14] GCMs may be used to immobilize long-lived radionuclides (such as actinide species) by incorporating them into the more durable crystalline phases, whereas the short-lived radionuclides may be accommodated in the less durable vitreous phase.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Glassy Wasteforms for Nuclear Waste Immobilization

Ojovan

Lee

2010

Metall Mater Trans A

246

139

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Glassy wasteforms currently being used for high-level radioactive waste (HLW) as well as for low-and intermediate-level radioactive waste (LILW) immobilization are discussed and their most important parameters are examined, along with a brief description of waste vitrification technology currently used worldwide. Recent developments in advanced nuclear wasteforms are described such as polyphase glass composite materials (GCMs) with higher versatility and waste loading. Aqueous performance of glassy materials is analyzed with a detailed analysis of the role of ion exchange and hydrolysis, and performance of irradiated glasses.

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