Reduced T-Cell Thymic Export Reflected by sj-TREC in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Huang, Shuaibo; Ding, Ru; Lin, Yi; He, Zhiqing; Wu, Feng; Dai, Xianliang; Chen, Yihong; Gui, Yan-ping; Huang, Zhigang; Wu, Zonggui; Liang, Chun

doi:10.5551/jat.31575

Cited by 17 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 59 publications

(70 reference statements)

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“…Therefore, there are reasons to believe that the thymus Foxn1 may be involved in the process of atherosclerosis. In previous studies, the atrophy of thymus organs in patients with coronary heart disease has been confirmed 26 , yet the specific altering of thymus function has not been clearly revealed.…”

Section: Aging and Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 94%

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The Pivotal Role of Thymus in Atherosclerosis Mediated by Immune and Inflammatory Response

et al. 2018

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Atherosclerosis is one kind of chronic inflammatory disease, in which multiple types of immune cells or factors are involved. Data from experimental and clinical studies on atherosclerosis have confirmed the key roles of immune cells and inflammation in such process. The thymus as a key organ in T lymphocyte ontogenesis has an important role in optimizing immune system function throughout the life, and dysfunction of thymus has been proved to be associated with severity of atherosclerosis. Based on previous research, we begin with the hypothesis that low density lipoprotein or cholesterol reduces the expression of the thymus transcription factor Foxn1 via low density lipoprotein receptors on the membrane surface and low density lipoprotein receptor related proteins on the cell surface, which cause the thymus function decline or degradation. The imbalance of T cell subgroups and the decrease of naive T cells due to thymus dysfunction cause the increase or decrease in the secretion of various inflammatory factors, which in turn aggravates or inhibits atherosclerosis progression and cardiovascular events. Hence, thymus may be the pivotal role in coronary heart disease mediated by atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events and it can imply a novel treatment strategy for the clinical management of patients with atherosclerosis in addition to different commercial drugs. Modulation of immune system by inducing thymus function may be a therapeutic approach for the prevention of atherosclerosis. Purpose of this review is to summarize and discuss the recent advances about the impact of thymus function on atherosclerosis by the data from animal or human studies and the potential mechanisms.

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Section: Aging and Atherosclerosismentioning

confidence: 94%

“…Our previous study showed that there was a decline in thymus function in atherosclerotic patients 26 . Therefore, the thymus may be involved in the process of atherosclerosis.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

The Pivotal Role of Thymus in Atherosclerosis Mediated by Immune and Inflammatory Response

et al. 2018

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“…An important parameter that measures thymopoiesis is the generation of T cells as recent thymic emigrants (RTEs), which reflects the thymic productivity . RET of T cells is quantifying by measurement of T cell receptor (TCR) rearrangement excision circles (TRECs) .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Thyrotropin Alters T Cell Development in the Thymus in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Mouse Model

Zhao

Zhang

et al. 2017

Scand J Immunol

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Subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) is highly prevalent in the general population and is associated with potential deleterious effects. Although developing T cells express thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor (TSH-R), the changes of T cell development in thymus in SCH have not been fully clarified. SCH mouse model, which is characterized by elevated serum TSH but similar thyroid hormone levels, was used to study the role of TSH in T cell development. Thymus weight of SCH mice increased 18% compared with controls. Importantly, the frequencies of CD4 + and CD8 + single-positive (SP) thymocytes increased 38% and 44%, respectively. We demonstrated that TSH protected thymocytes from apoptosis as evidenced by a significant decrease of Annexin V-positive thymocytes in SCH mice. Further analysis showed that extracellular-regulated kinases (ERK) 1/2 in thymus were activated in SCH mice. With analysis of T cell receptor excision circles (TREC), we found that TSH increased recent thymic emigrants (RTE) in spleen tissue in SCH mice. Thus, these results suggest that TSH promoted T cell development and enhanced the thymic recent output in SCH mice, possibly by suppression of apoptosis of thymocytes, indicating that modification of the ERK signalling pathways.

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“…Thymic atrophy reduces repertoire diversity and increases susceptibility to infection 1,2 . In addition, one study has found an association between thymic atrophy and CVD 39 . In another study, anti-thymocyte globulin increases the incidence of CVD when administered to patients receiving renal transplantation 40 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Parathyroid hormone and premature thymus ageing in patients with chronic kidney disease

Iio

Kabata

Iio

et al. 2019

Sci Rep

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Premature immune ageing, including thymic atrophy, is observed in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Parathyroid hormone (PTH) and fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), which are mineral and bone disorder (MBD)-related factors, affect immune cells and possibly cause thymic atrophy. We examined the cross-sectional association between thymic atrophy, evaluated as the number of CD3+CD4+CD45RA+CD31+ cells [recent thymic emigrants (RTE)/μL], and MBD-related factors [(serum PTH, FGF23, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) level] in 125 patients with non-dialysis dependent CKD. Median estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was 17 mL/min/1.73 m2. Older age (r = −0.46), male sex (r = −0.34), lower eGFR (r = 0.27), lower serum-corrected calcium (r = 0.27), higher PTH (r = −0.36), and higher ALP level (r = −0.20) were identified as determinants of lower number of RTE. In contrast, serum concentrations of FGF23 and phosphorus were not correlated with RTE. Multivariate non-linear regression analysis indicated a negative association between serum PTH and log-transformed RTE (P = 0.030, P for non-linearity = 0.124). However, the serum levels of FGF23 and ALP were not associated with RTE. In patients with CKD, serum PTH concentrations were related to thymic atrophy which contributes to immune abnormality.

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Reduced T-Cell Thymic Export Reflected by sj-TREC in Patients with Coronary Artery Disease

Cited by 17 publications

References 59 publications

The Pivotal Role of Thymus in Atherosclerosis Mediated by Immune and Inflammatory Response

The Pivotal Role of Thymus in Atherosclerosis Mediated by Immune and Inflammatory Response

Thyrotropin Alters T Cell Development in the Thymus in Subclinical Hypothyroidism Mouse Model

Parathyroid hormone and premature thymus ageing in patients with chronic kidney disease

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