Reduced specific absorption rate compact flexible monopole antenna system for smart wearable wireless communications

Sugumaran, Bashyam; Balasubramanian, R.; Palaniswamy, Sandeep Kumar

doi:10.1016/j.jestch.2020.12.012

Cited by 28 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 39 publications

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“…For this SAR value, the distance between the antenna and the human body is 1mm. In this study, the calculated SAR value is less than the acceptable range [Sugumaran et al, 2021]. The SAR value is also depending upon the distance between the antenna and the tissue layer.…”

Section: Sar Calculationmentioning

confidence: 68%

2.4 GHz Compact Textile Antenna for Body Wear Application and Monitoring Of Health Parameters

Ghodake

B.G

2022

Preprint

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This paper describes a textile-based body-worn antenna. When compared to standard flat and stiff antennas and circuits, this technology delivers superior mechanical and radio frequency performance. Textile antennas have several advantages, including small size, lightweight, ease of fabrication, and low cost. As a result of these advantages, textile antennas are gaining popularity these days. There are different applications of textile antennas, but the main application or aim is to wear them comfortably and observe different body signals for analysis of different health parameters like temperature, heart rate, etc. In antenna design, jeans fabric is employed as the substrate because this material is sturdy, stiff, little density, accessible, and inexpensive with electromagnetic properties ℇr = 1.6 and tan ẟ = 0.01, and copper is used for the conducting patch and ground. This antenna operates in the industrial, scientific, and medical radio (ISM) band at 2.4 GHz with patch dimensions of 25 x 20 mm, making it proper for body-worn purposes. Because the antenna is so small, it can be readily mounted on an arm for health parameter monitoring with minimal bending. The simulation, fabrication, and body wear results are all included in the results section. As a result, these novel fibre antennas are useful to incorporate into shirts and coats for easy health monitoring.

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Section: Sar Calculationmentioning

confidence: 68%

2.4 GHz Compact Textile Antenna for Body Wear Application and Monitoring Of Health Parameters

Ghodake

B.G

2022

Preprint

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“…(i) In comparison to [7,8,20], the proposed antennas maintain the targeted UWB and provide a higher bandwidth percentage (i) In comparison to the reported antennas, the proposed antennas offer peak gains greater than 4 dBi and efficiency greater than 90% (except for a denimbased antenna) (ii) When compared to similar antennas (with nearly the same lower cutoff frequency/broadband nature) [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]20], and [24], the proposed antennas show less SAR of 0.16 W/Kg (iv) e antenna prototypes exhibit less than 0.5 ns group delay variation over the operating band than [9], indicating that the proposed antennas have low phase distortion (v) e time domain analysis (transmission characteristics-to understand the pulse handling capability) and RSS measurements are also presented to validate the attenuation characteristics of the designed antennas, which were not reported in [7][8][9][10][11][12][13][14]20], and [24] e polyester substrate antenna outperforms the designed antennas. However, each substrate is intended to be used for a specific application.…”

Section: Salient Features Of the Proposed Antennamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Due to its low power consumption, the UWB antenna is highly recommended for WBAN applications. Several UWB antennas have been investigated in recent years using different flexible materials [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20][21][22][23]. In [11], a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed monopole antenna with a frequency range of 7-12 GHz was designed for biomedical applications.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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On the Design and Performance Analysis of Flexible Planar Monopole Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Wearable Wireless Applications

Thangarasu

Rao

Palaniswamy

et al. 2022

International Journal of Antennas and Propagation

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With the promising developments in wearable communication technology, attention towards flexible electronics is increasing day-by-day. This study presents flexible low-profile ultra-wideband (UWB) antennas for wearable applications. The antenna comprised of a modified dewdrop-inspired radiator and a defected ground plane and has an impedance bandwidth of 3.1–10.6 GHz. The antenna flexibility is investigated using four different substrates (polyester, polyamide, denim, and Teslin) and tested on a cotton shirt and a high-end Res-Q jacket to evaluate their performance stability for body-worn applications. The fabricated planar dewdrop-shaped radiator (PDSR) antennas have a radiation efficiency of >90%, a gain of >4 dBi, and a group delay variation of fewer than 0.5 ns. The antenna conformability is measured by placing the fabricated antennas on various curved and nonplanar parts of the human body. The aforementioned antennas offer better flexibility for different bent conditions. The specific absorption rate (SAR) of the designed antennas is investigated to determine their wearability, and values are found to be less than 0.2 W/Kg. Also, the received signal strength (RSS) is discussed in order to analyze signal attenuation, and the performance analysis of the antennas is compared.

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“…Reduction of EM coupling to human body should be studied as it may influence antenna performance frequency detuning and radiation degradation [11]. The EBG structure reduces SAR value, and it is widely used in wearable antenna design [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Eight Shape Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for Bandwidth Improvement of Wearable Antenna

Keshwani¹,

Bhavarthe²,

Rathod³

2021

PIER C

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In this paper, a rectangular eight shaped Electromagnetic Band Gap (EBG) structure at 5.8 GHz Industrial, Scientific and Medical (ISM) band for wearable application is proposed with intent to improve the impedance bandwidth of antenna. The unit cell of an EBG structure is formed using eight shape on outer ring with inner square patches. The simulation of the eight shape EBG unit cell is carried out using eigen mode solution of Ansys High Frequency Structure Simulator (HFSS). Simulated results are validated by experimental results. The application of proposed EBG for an inverse E-shape monopole antenna at 5.8 GHz is also demonstrated. Band stop property of EBG structure reduces surface waves, and therefore, the back lobe of a wearable antenna is reduced. The frequency detuning of antenna takes place due to high losses in human body. Suitably designed EBG structure reduces this undesirable effect and also improves front to back ratio. The proposed compact antenna with designed EBG has observed the impedance bandwidth of 5.60 GHz to 6.15 GHz which covers 5.8 GHz ISM band. Evaluation of antenna performance under bending condition and on-body condition is carried out. Effectiveness of EBG array structure for Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) reduction on three layer body model is demonstrated by simulations. Calculated values of SAR for tissue in 1 g and 10 g are both less than the limitations. In conclusion, it is appropriate to use the proposed antenna in wearable applications.

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Reduced specific absorption rate compact flexible monopole antenna system for smart wearable wireless communications

Cited by 28 publications

References 39 publications

2.4 GHz Compact Textile Antenna for Body Wear Application and Monitoring Of Health Parameters

2.4 GHz Compact Textile Antenna for Body Wear Application and Monitoring Of Health Parameters

On the Design and Performance Analysis of Flexible Planar Monopole Ultra-Wideband Antennas for Wearable Wireless Applications

Eight Shape Electromagnetic Band Gap Structure for Bandwidth Improvement of Wearable Antenna

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