Reduced risk of oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer among peri- and post-menopausal women in Scotland following a striking decrease in use of hormone replacement therapy

Sharpe, Katharine H.; McClements, Paula L.; Clark, Douglas; Collins, Joanne; Springbett, Anthea; Brewster, David H.

doi:10.1016/j.ejca.2010.01.003

Cited by 19 publications

(19 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, a modest decline in breast cancer incidence in women aged 50–64 years between 2000 and 2005 has subsequently been described 47. However, the relatively modest 11% decrease in breast cancer incidence over the 5 year period did not reach statistical significance until 2005 48. The authors suggest the modest decline in breast cancer incidence in Scotland compared to the USA reflected lower peak HRT use.…”

Section: Countries With a Time Lag Between Declining Hrt Use And Breamentioning

confidence: 96%

Declining incidence of breast cancer after decreased use of hormone-replacement therapy: magnitude and time lags in different countries

Zbuk

Anand

2011

J Epidemiol Community Health

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Throughout the latter half of the 20th century, hormone-replacement therapy (HRT) use steadily increased in the Western world. In 2002, the early termination of the Women's Health Initiative trial due to an excess of adverse events attributable to HRT, led to a precipitous decline in its use. Breast cancer incidence began to decline soon thereafter in the USA and several other countries. However, the magnitude of the decline in breast cancer incidence, and its timing with respect to HRT cessation, shows considerable variability between nations. The impact of HRT cessation appears most significant and immediate in countries with the largest absolute decline in HRT use. In countries in which peak prevalence of HRT use was high, several studies have convincingly excluded decreasing rates of mammographic screening as an explanation for the decline in breast cancer incidence. Conversely, in some countries, no decline in breast cancer incidence is apparent that can be readily attributed to declining trends in HRT use. In such cases, declines in breast cancer incidence may be related instead to saturation or decreased utilisation of mammographic screening programmes. In other cases, it is difficult to disentangle the respective influence of trends in HRT use, and the influence of changes relating to mammographic screening. However, irrespective of time lags and varying magnitudes of effect, the data convincingly support a direct association between decreasing HRT use and declining breast cancer incidence.

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Section: Countries With a Time Lag Between Declining Hrt Use And Breamentioning

confidence: 96%

Declining incidence of breast cancer after decreased use of hormone-replacement therapy: magnitude and time lags in different countries

Zbuk

Anand

2011

J Epidemiol Community Health

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“…The U.S. reported a 14.7% incidence decline between 2001 and 2004 in women aged 50-69 years [3]. Scotland and France reported respectively an APC of −11.2% (2001-2005) and −12.2% (2003-2006) among women from 50 to 69 years [12,13].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…To our knowledge, only a few countries have been able to provide breast cancer incidence according to hormone receptor status information including the U.S., France and Scotland [5,[11][12][13]. The aim of this study was to provide hormone receptor (HR)-specific incidence rates of breast cancer from Germany using data from population-based cancer registries and study these rates in relation to HRT prescription rates.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Population-based hormone receptor-specific incidence trends of breast cancer in Germany

Rusner

Bandemer-Greulich²,

Engel³

et al. 2012

Maturitas

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“…Some studies [19,20,22] reported that breast cancer in HT users was more likely to be estrogen receptor (ER)+, grade 1, well differentiated, low S-phase, and node negative as compared with nonusers. 5 The risk of breast cancer decreased rapidly after cessation of HT It was proved by many studies that the risk of breast cancer decreased rapidly after cessation of HT [1][2][3][4][5][6]23]. At least by five years, the risk may not be greater than that in women without any history of HT exposure.…”

Section: No Sufficient Evidence To Prove a Causal Relationship Betweementioning

confidence: 99%

“…There is no doubt that postmenopausal HT is the most effective therapy for menopausal vasomotor symptoms and estrogen-deficient urogenital symptoms, as well as for preventing postmenopausal bone loss; however, the use of menopausal HT has decreased substantially all over the world [1][2][3][4][5][6] following the release of the 2002 report of the Women's Health Initiative (WHI) trial of estrogen plus progestin [7]. The results from this trial showed a significant increase in the risk of breast cancer, coronary heart disease, venous thromboembolism and stroke among women using HT.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

How to judge the association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of breast cancer

2010

Front. Med. China

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The relevance of postmenopausal hormone therapy (HT) for breast cancer risk has been long debated, although it is one of the most important barriers for women to accept HT. Various opinions have been reported from recent randomized clinical trials and epidemiological studies. These unanswered questions include: whether HT has a positive impact on breast cancer; whether risks of therapy with unopposed estrogen and combined estrogen-progestin are different; and whether different types and routes of estrogen and progestogens, as well as the duration and cessation of HT use, have different impacts on this disorder. Recently, there has been some good news such as the following: the currently available data do not provide sufficient evidence to prove a causal relationship between postmenopausal HT and breast cancer; breast cancer in postmenopausal women using HT usually has better prognosis than that of nonusers. In conclusion, HT is still the most effective method of relieving climacteric symptoms for many postmenopausal women. However, a possible risk of breast cancer associated with long-term HT usage should not be ignored. With respect to prevention of breast cancer, regular evaluation of individual breast cancer susceptibility and close follow-up through mammography and/or breast sonography are necessary strategies for the safety of HT use.

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Reduced risk of oestrogen receptor positive breast cancer among peri- and post-menopausal women in Scotland following a striking decrease in use of hormone replacement therapy

Cited by 19 publications

References 26 publications

Declining incidence of breast cancer after decreased use of hormone-replacement therapy: magnitude and time lags in different countries

Declining incidence of breast cancer after decreased use of hormone-replacement therapy: magnitude and time lags in different countries

Population-based hormone receptor-specific incidence trends of breast cancer in Germany

How to judge the association of postmenopausal hormone therapy and the risk of breast cancer

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