Reduced risk of gastrointestinal bleeding associated with eupatilin in aspirin plus acid suppressant users: nationwide population-based study

Abstract

Background/Aims: Mucoprotective agents, such as eupatilin, are often prescribed to prevent gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding in addition to an acid suppressant despite the absence of a large-scale study. We evaluated the additional effect of eupatilin on the prevention of GI bleeding in both the upper and lower GI tract in concomitant aspirin and acid suppressant users using the nationwide database of national claims data from the Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS).Methods: An aspirin cohort was constructed using the NHIS claims data from 2013 to 2020. Patients who manifested with hematemesis, melena, or hematochezia were considered to have GI bleeding. A Cox proportional hazards regression model was used to determine the risk factors for GI bleeding associated with the concomitant use of GI drugs and other covariates among aspirin users.Results: Overall, a total of 432,208 aspirin users were included. The concurrent use of an acid suppressant and eupatilin (hazard ratio [HR] = 0.85, <i>p</i> = 0.016, vs. acid suppressant only) was a statistically significant preventive factor for GI bleeding. Moreover, a more than 3-month duration (HR = 0.88, <i>p</i> = 0.030) of acid suppressant and eupatilin prescription (vs. acid suppressant only) was a statistically significant preventive factor for GI bleeding.Conclusions: Eupatilin administration for ≥ 3 months showed additional preventive effect on GI bleeding in concomitant aspirin and acid suppressant users. Thus, cotreatment with eupatilin with a duration of 3 months or longer is recommended for reducing GI bleeding among aspirin plus acid suppressant users.

Chronic Idiopathic Ulcers Mimicking Cecal Carcinoma: A Case Report

“…Considering the patient's age of approximately 70 years and a history of CAD, speculation arises regarding ischemic injury secondary to arteriosclerosis of the cecal artery as a potential contributor to ulcer formation. Another plausible factor is the chronic use of NSAIDs, supported by lower lumbar anterolisthesis evident in the patient's CT scan [13].…”

Elucidation of Anti-Obesity Mechanisms of Phenolics in Artemisiae argyi Folium (Aiye) by Integrating LC-MS, Network Pharmacology, and Molecular Docking

“…CapillarisinKaempferol 124Anti-oxidation, anti-inflammation, exercise performance improvement, physical fatigue alleviation[41][42][43] Hispidulin120 Anti-inflammation, anti-microbial effects [44-46,99] Capillarisin 114 Anti-asthmatic activity, neuro-protection effects [100,101] Jaceosidin 125 Anti-inflammation and hepatic fibrosis modulation, anti-tumor [19-21,47] Centaureidin 118 Immunomodulatory effects, vasorelaxant activity [102,103] Irigenin 107 Lung injury amelioration, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer effects [48,104] Irigenin 107 Lung injury amelioration, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer effects [48,104]107 Lung injury amelioration, anti-inflammation, anti-cancer effects [48,104] Cirsimaritin Life 2024, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 26 Cirsimaritin 115 Colitis alleviation, anti-diabetic activities, antiinflammation, anti-oxidation, and hepatoprotection effects [49-51] Eupatilin 120 Anti-tumor effects, anti-osteoporosis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage prevention, hyperuricemia attenuation, nephroprotection [26,105-107] 3.6. Construction of PPI Network 115 Colitis alleviation, anti-diabetic activities, anti-inflammation, anti-oxidation, and hepatoprotection effects [49-51] Eupatilin Life 2024, 14, x FOR PEER REVIEW 12 of 26 Cirsimaritin 115 Colitis alleviation, anti-diabetic activities, antiinflammation, anti-oxidation, and hepatoprotection effects [49-51] Eupatilin 120Anti-tumor effects, anti-osteoporosis, gastrointestinal hemorrhage prevention, hyperuricemia attenuation, nephroprotection[26,[105][106][107] …”