Reduced prevalence of impaired glucose tolerance and no change in prevalence of diabetes despite increasing BMI among Aboriginal people from a group of remote homeland communities.

Rowley, Kevin; Gault, A.; McDermott, Robyn; Knight, Susan; McLeay, Toby; O’Dea, Kerin

doi:10.2337/diacare.23.7.898

Cited by 36 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…This could be partly because of increasing levels of obesity, the prevalence of which has increased over the past four decades. [18][19][20] There has been a considerab le fall in fertility rates for NT Indigenous women since the late 1960s, 11 which would be expected to be followed by an increase in breast cancer incidence, but such an effect is not evident in the incidence rate ratios in Table 1 where the ratio is less in women aged 0-64 years than in those aged 65+. Despite the large increase in breast cancer incidence, the NT Indigenous rate remained lower than the total Australian rate throughout this period (annual rates not shown).…”

Section: Condon Et Al Ar Ticlementioning

confidence: 84%

Cancer incidence and survival for Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory

Condon

Armstrong

Barnes

et al. 2005

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

104

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Objective: To compare cancer incidence and survival for the Northern Territory (NT) Indigenous population with that of other Australians, and to assess NT Indigenous incidence time trends. Methods: Cancer registry data were used to calculate cancer incidence rate ratios (NT Indigenous to total Australian), the average annual change in NT Indigenous cancer incidence and the relative risk of cancer death after diagnosis of cancer (NT Indigenous to combined Western Australian and Tasmanian cases) for 1991–2001. Results: For NT Indigenous people, incidence rates were high for cancers of the liver, gallbladder, cervix, vulva and thyroid and, in younger people only, for cancers of the oropharynx, oesophagus, pancreas and lung, but low for cancers of the colon and rectum, breast, ovary, prostate, bladder, kidney, melanoma and lymphoma. Incidence rate ratios ranged from 0.1 for melanoma to 7.4 for liver cancer. Incidence increased for breast and pancreatic cancers. Survival was low for almost all specific cancers examined, and for all cancers combined (relative risk of death 1.9, 95% Cl 1.7‐2.1). Conclusions: Compared with other Australians, NT Indigenous people have higher, and increasing, incidence for some cancers (particularly smoking‐related cancers) and lower survival for most. Implications: Cancer has a greater impact on NT Indigenous people than other Australians. Well‐established cancer risk factors should be more effectively tackled in Indigenous people and known effective screening programs more effectively implemented. Research is urgently required into the reasons why survival from cancer in NT Indigenous people is so much lower than in other Australians.

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Section: Condon Et Al Ar Ticlementioning

confidence: 84%

Cancer incidence and survival for Indigenous Australians in the Northern Territory

Condon

Armstrong

Barnes

et al. 2005

Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health

104

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“…In the U.S., these populations included the Akimel O'odham (Pima) (19,26), Ho-Chunk (Winnebago) (23), and Zuni Pueblo (30) peoples; Native Hawaiians (25); Mexican Americans (31,32); and African Americans (18). Four studies were conducted in Canada (20 -22,24), two in New Zealand (28,29), and one each in Australia (27) and Sweden (33,34). Table 1 presents an overview of the methods and results (if reported) for each of the studies targeted at youth; Table 2 presents the same information for adult-focused studies.…”

Section: Description Of Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interventions targeting adults. Seven of the ten interventions that targeted adults reported results (20,(25)(26)(27)(28)(29)33). Many of the studies targeting adults did include comparison groups, although these may not have been used in all components of the intervention.…”

Section: Intervention Outcomesmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Community-Based Lifestyle Interventions to Prevent Type 2 Diabetes

et al. 2003

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FRANK VINICOR, MD, MPH 1OBJECTIVE -To conduct a literature review of community-based interventions intended to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes.RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS -Recently published findings about the potential to prevent or delay type 2 diabetes with intensive lifestyle interventions prompted a literature search for community-based diabetes prevention interventions. The literature review design was a search of databases for publications in 1990 -2001 that identified reports on community-based interventions designed to prevent or modify risk factors for type 2 diabetes.RESULTS -The search revealed 16 published interventions, 8 of which were conducted in the U.S. and involved populations disproportionately burdened by diabetes (e.g., American Indians, Native Hawaiians, Mexican Americans, and African Americans). Of the studies reporting results among youth, there were posttest improvements in intervention groups in knowledge, preventive behaviors, and self-esteem. Among studies reporting results among adults, most reported improvements in intervention groups in knowledge or adoption of regular physical activity. Several investigators offered important reflections about the process of engaging communities and sharing decision making in participatory research approaches, as well as insights about the expectations and limitations of community-based diabetes prevention research. Many of the studies reported limitations in their design, including the lack of control or comparison groups, low response rates or lack of information on nonresponders, or brief intervention periods.CONCLUSIONS -There is a critical need to conduct and publish reports on well-designed community-based diabetes prevention research and share information on the process, results, and lessons learned. Armed with recent positive findings about diabetes prevention and literature documenting community-based efforts, advocates at local, state, and national levels can collaborate to stem the rising tide of diabetes in communities. Diabetes Care 26:2643-2652, 2003I n a decade's time (1990 -2001), the prevalence of self-reported (diagnosed) diabetes increased 61% in the U.S. (1), including a startling 76% increase from 1990 to 1998 among people in their 30s (2). Accounting for roughly 95% of all diabetes, type 2 diabetes is associated with obesity and weight gain (3), which also increased over the same time period. One projection is that the 11 million U.S. residents with diagnosed diabetes will increase to 29 million in 2050 (4). The escalating prevalence of type 2 diabetes portends serious consequences for the quality of life of those affected and their families and communities.To stem the rising tide of diabetes, public health policies need to move upstream toward prevention or at least a delay in the onset of type 2 diabetes. A number of recent studies offer scientific evidence and new hope for curtailing the epidemic of type 2 diabetes with support for intensive lifestyle modification and modest weight loss as effective interventions among a...

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“…In this issue of Diabetes Care, Rowley et al (15) describe the results of a successful community-based primary prevention program that incorporated the principles of participatory research in several remote homestead communities of Australian Aborigines. After the baseline screening for diabetes in 1988, which revealed high rates of IGT, diabetes, and obesity, an intervention program that promoted the benefits of exercise and diet was implemented.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%