Reduced past‐oriented mind wandering in left compared to right medial temporal lobe epilepsy

Krakau, Sofie; Chaieb, Leila; Helmstaedter, Christoph; Wrede, Randi von; Fell, Juergen

doi:10.1111/ejn.14743

Cited by 6 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 37 publications

(53 reference statements)

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“…This suggests that our preselection procedure based on a questionnaire ( Mrazek et al, 2013 ) was not effective in the sense that it did not reliably identify subjects showing higher experience sampling-based MW propensities. In previous studies, moderate correlations between scores of the MW questionnaire ( Mrazek et al, 2013 ) and MW data based on experience sampling during the SART were reported ( Kawagoe et al, 2020 ; Krakau et al, 2020 ). Generally, it was found that experience sampling-based MW reports not only reflect MW traits, but also individual tendencies to mind wander during specific tasks ( Rummel et al, 2021 ).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Modulation of Mind Wandering Using Monaural Beat Stimulation in Subjects With High Trait-Level Mind Wandering

et al. 2022

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Mind wandering (MW) refers to a state when attention shifts from the task at hand or current situation toward thoughts, feelings, and imaginations. This state is often accompanied by a decline in mood, and patients suffering from major depression exhibit more perseverative MW. Hence, although the directionality of the relationship between mood and MW is still under investigation, it may be useful to explore possible avenues to reduce MW. In an earlier pilot study, we investigated MW during auditory beat stimulation in healthy subjects using thought-probes during a sustained attention to response task (SART). We found evidence for reduced MW during monaural 5 Hz beats compared to silence, sine tones, and binaural 5 Hz beats. Moreover, the data tentatively suggested that this reduction was particularly pronounced in subjects with high levels of MW during silence. In the current study, we therefore asked whether MW can be reduced by monaural theta beats in subjects with high trait-levels of MW, as indicated by an online MW questionnaire. Preselected subjects performed a SART task with thought-probes assessing the propensity to mind wander, meta-awareness, and the temporal orientation of MW. Stimulation conditions comprised monaural theta beats, as well as silence (headphones on), and sine tones as control conditions. Our main hypothesis stating that the propensity to mind wander during monaural theta beats is reduced compared to both control conditions was only partly confirmed. Indeed, MW was significantly diminished during exposure to the theta beats compared to sine tones. However, reduced MW during theta beats versus silence was only observed in a subgroup using stricter inclusion criteria. Considering possible reasons for this outcome, our data suggest that the preselection procedure was suboptimal and that beat effects are modulated by the individual responses to auditory stimulation in general.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Modulation of Mind Wandering Using Monaural Beat Stimulation in Subjects With High Trait-Level Mind Wandering

et al. 2022

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“…Spontaneous thought refers to the mind shifting to a task-unrelated and stimulus-independent thought, standing as an opposite to the goal-directed thought [16]. The content of spontaneous thought composes the episodic memory and frequently happens when there is no apparent intention [23].…”

Section: Spontaneous Thoughtmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It could have positive, neutral, and negative effects, depending on individual situations and their environmental complexity [2]. The positive effects include promoting creativity and future planning, while the negative effects would lead to errors or getting distracted during a cognitive task [16]. Scholars showed that 60% of mind-wandering was episodic in nature, and 77% of the mind-wandering was related to a specific event.…”

Section: Mind Wanderingmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Role of Spontaneous Thoughts in Human Cognition

Huang

2023

TNS

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Spontaneous thought is a cognitive process that ubiquitously happens in daily life. Humans spend 30-50% of their lives in spontaneous thinking, but the impact and consequence of spontaneous thought have not been widely studied in cognitive neuroscience. It is crucial to expand the research involving spontaneous thought since it benefits human's memory encoding and decision-making abilities. This review has two main aims: the first is to explore the cognitive impact of goal-directed and spontaneous thought; the second is to discover the benefits of spontaneous thought to humans. This paper concludes that spontaneous thought has the role of improving memory encoding and facilitating future planning.

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“…We hypothesized that self-selected stimulation may be more positively perceived than the pre-specified stimulation conditions. Moreover, a 5 Hz monaural beat stimulation applied only to the right ear was also used, since MW has been specifically linked to the left hippocampus (Fox et al, 2015;Krakau et al, 2020) and auditory stimuli applied to one ear are processed mainly contralaterally (Woldorff et al, 1999). Furthermore, white noise was used as an additional control besides sine wave stimulation and silence, since facilitating effects of white noise stimulation on attentional and cognitive performance have been reported (e.g., Angwin et al, 2017;Awada et al, 2022).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Side effects of monaural beat stimulation during sustained mental work on mind wandering and performance measures

Schmidt,

Chaieb,

Derner

et al. 2024

Front. Psychol.

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Excessive mind wandering (MW) contributes to the development and maintenance of psychiatric disorders. Previous studies have suggested that auditory beat stimulation may represent a method enabling a reduction of MW. However, little is known about how different auditory stimulation conditions are subjectively perceived and whether this perception is in turn related to changes in subjective states, behavioral measures of attention and MW. In the present study, we therefore investigated MW under auditory beat stimulation and control conditions using experience sampling during a sustained attention to response task (SART). The subjective perception of the stimulation conditions, as well as changes in anxiety, stress and negative mood after versus before stimulation were assessed via visual-analog scales. Results showed that any auditory stimulation applied during the SART was perceived as more distracting, disturbing, uncomfortable and tiring than silence and was related to more pronounced increases of stress and negative mood. Importantly, the perception of the auditory conditions as disturbing was directly correlated with MW propensity. Additionally, distracting, disturbing and uncomfortable perceptions predicted negative mood. In turn, negative mood was inversely correlated with response accuracy for target stimuli, a behavioral indicator of MW. In summary, our data show that MW and attentional performance are affected by the adverse perception of auditory stimulation, and that this influence may be mediated by changes in mood.

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Reduced past‐oriented mind wandering in left compared to right medial temporal lobe epilepsy

Abstract: This is an open access article under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Cited by 6 publications

References 37 publications

Modulation of Mind Wandering Using Monaural Beat Stimulation in Subjects With High Trait-Level Mind Wandering

Modulation of Mind Wandering Using Monaural Beat Stimulation in Subjects With High Trait-Level Mind Wandering

The Role of Spontaneous Thoughts in Human Cognition

Side effects of monaural beat stimulation during sustained mental work on mind wandering and performance measures

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