Reduced hippocampal volume among adolescents with alcohol use disorders without psychiatric comorbidity

Nagel, Bonnie J.; Schweinsburg, Alecia D.; Phan, Vinh; Tapert, Susan F.

doi:10.1016/j.pscychresns.2005.05.008

Cited by 260 publications

(244 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…Expanding on previous findings of reduced hippocampal volumes among adolescent alcohol users (Nagel et al, 2005), we found that R>L asymmetry was significantly associated with alcohol abuse/dependence severity, even after controlling for gender, conduct disorder, ethnic category, and age. Further, compared to controls, ALC users demonstrated a significantly weaker correlation between hippocampal asymmetry and verbal learning.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

“…Additionally, simultaneous use of CBD and ethanol actually decreased blood alcohol levels (Consroe et al, 1979). Although previous research has shown reduced left hippocampal volumes in adolescent heavy drinkers (Nagel et al, 2005;DeBellis et al, 2000), no studies to date have examined hippocampal volume and asymmetry in adolescents who heavily use both alcohol and marijuana.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

“…Participants for this study were pooled from two larger projects examining the neural consequences of alcohol and marijuana use in adolescence (Nagel et al, 2005;Schweinsburg et al, 2005;Tapert et al, 2004). Due to high levels of concomitant alcohol and marijuana use during adolescence, we were unable to recruit a large enough group of adolescents who only used marijuana.…”

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hippocampal regions of interest were manually traced on contiguous 1.3 mm slices in the coronal plane through the structure (for additional details see Nagel et al, 2005). The stereotactic boundaries were as follows: anterior boundary began at the coronal slice through the fullest portion of the mammillary bodies; superior/lateral boundary was at the temporal horn and alveus; inferior boundary was at the white matter of the parahippocampal gyrus; medial boundary was at the ambient cistern; posterior boundary was where the columns of the fornix are visible.…”

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Animal studies show greater sensitivity during adolescence to the effects of alcohol on spatial working memory (Little, et al, 1996;Silveri & Spear, 1998;Swartzwelder, et al, 1998;White et al, 2002;White, et al, 2000;Yttri, Burk, & Hunt, 2004), social facilitation (Varlinskaya & Spear, 2006), and long-term potentiation (Pyapali, et al, 1999;Swartzwelder, Wilson, & Tayyeb, 1995), as well as greater cortical damage (Crews, et al, 2000;Hollstedt, Olsson, & Rydberg, 1980;Little et al, 1996). In humans, hippocampal (De Bellis et al, 2000;Nagel, et al, 2005) and prefrontal (De Bellis et al, 2005) volumes appear smaller and brain response during spatial working memory is abnormal (Tapert et al, 2004) in adolescents with alcohol use disorders. Heavy alcohol use during adolescence is associated with poorer verbal retrieval , attention (Tapert & Brown, 1999), and visuospatial functioning (Giancola, Mezzich, & Tarter, 1998;Tapert, et al, , 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry

Medina

Schweinsburg

Cohen-Zion

et al. 2007

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

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234

191

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Background-Converging lines of evidence suggest that the hippocampus may be particularly vulnerable to deleterious effects of alcohol and marijuana use, especially during adolescence. The goal of this study was to examine hippocampal volume and asymmetry in adolescent users of alcohol and marijuana.Methods-Participants were adolescent (aged 15-18) alcohol (ALC) users (n=16), marijuana and alcohol (MJ+ALC) users (n=26), and demographically similar controls (n=21). Extensive exclusionary criteria included prenatal toxic exposure, left handedness, and psychiatric and neurologic disorders. Substance use, cognitive, and anatomical measures were collected after at least 2 days of abstinence from all substances.Results-Adolescent ALC users demonstrated a significantly different pattern of hippocampal asymmetry (p<.05) and reduced left hippocampal volume (p<.05) compared to MJ+ALC users and non-using controls. Increased alcohol abuse/dependence severity was associated with increased right > left (R>L) asymmetry and smaller left hippocampal volumes while marijuana abuse/dependence was associated with increased L>R asymmetry and larger left hippocampal volumes. Although MJ +ALC users did not differ from controls in asymmetry, functional relationships with verbal learning were found only among controls, among whom greater right than left hippocampal volume was associated with superior performance (p<.05).Conclusions-Aberrations in hippocampal asymmetry and left hippocampal volumes were found for adolescent heavy drinkers. Further, the functional relationship between hippocampal asymmetry and verbal learning was abnormal among adolescent substance users compared to healthy controls. These findings suggest differential effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use on hippocampal morphometry and the relationship between hippocampal asymmetry and verbal learning performance among adolescents.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 67%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 95%

Section: Participantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Image Processingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 3 more Smart Citations

Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry

Medina

Schweinsburg

Cohen-Zion

et al. 2007

Neurotoxicology and Teratology

Self Cite

234

191

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Gene × Disease Interaction on Orbitofrontal Gray Matter in Cocaine Addiction

Alia‐Klein¹,

Parvaz²,

Woicik³

et al. 2011

Arch Gen Psychiatry

100

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Context Chronic cocaine use has been associated with structural deficits in brain regions having dopamine receptive neurons. However, the concomitant use of other drugs and common genetic variability in monoamine regulation present additional structural variability. Objective To examine variations in gray matter volume (GMV) as a function of lifetime drug use and the monoamine oxidase A (MAOA) genotype in men with cocaine use disorders (CUD) and healthy male controls. Design Cross-sectional comparison between 40 CUD and 42 controls scanned with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to assess GMV and genotyped for the MAOA polymorphism. The impact of cocaine addiction on GM was tested by 1) comparing CUD with controls, 2) testing diagnosis-by-MAOA interactions, and 3) correlating GMV with lifetime cocaine, alcohol, and cigarette smoking, and testing their unique contribution to GM beyond other factors. Outcome Measures GMV were derived from MRI with voxel-based-morphometry. Genotyping was performed for a functional polymorphism (a variable number tandem repeat or VNTR) in the promoter region of the MAOA gene with “high” and “low” alleles. Results 1) Individuals with CUD had reductions in GMV in the orbitofrontal (OFC), dorsolateral prefrontal (DLPFC) and temporal cortex, and hippocampus, compared to controls. 2) The OFC reductions were uniquely driven by CUD with low MAOA genotype and by lifetime cocaine use. 3) GMV in the DLPFC and hippocampus, was driven by lifetime alcohol use beyond the genotype and other pertinent variables. Conclusions This study documents for the first time, the enhanced sensitivity of CUD low MAOA carriers to GM loss, specifically in the OFC, indicating that this genotype may exacerbate the deleterious effects of cocaine in the brain. In addition, chronic alcohol use was a major contributor to GM loss in the DLPFC and hippocampus, and is likely to further impair executive function and learning in cocaine addiction.

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Plasticity of Hippocampal Subfield Volume Cornu Ammonis 2+3 Over the Course of Withdrawal in Patients With Alcohol Dependence

et al. 2014

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on plasticity has shown adult neurogenesis in hippocampal subfields. Chronic alcoholism is associated with decreased plasticity and reduced whole hippocampal volume that could contribute to neuropsychiatric characteristics and outcome of the disease.OBJECTIVE To investigate the effect of alcohol abstinence on neuronal plasticity measured as longitudinal volume change in distinct hippocampal subfields. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTSWe acquired high-resolution structural images of 42 patients addicted to alcohol and 32 healthy control participants. Patients and control participants were both scanned twice, once after withdrawal and 2 weeks later. MAIN OUTCOMES AND MEASURESVolumes of hippocampal subfields cornu ammonis (CA) 2+3, CA4+dentate gyrus, and subiculum were determined with a user-independent segmentation method. RESULTSWe found plasticity effects in bilateral CA2+3 in patients addicted to alcohol. Compared with healthy control participants, patients had lower CA2+3 volume at pretest (t 31 = −0.73, P = .47) and showed a significant normalization of gray matter volume 2 weeks later. Pretest CA2+3 (t 31 = −3.93, P < .001) volume was negatively associated with years of regular alcohol consumption (r 42 = −0.32, P < .05) and more severe alcohol-withdrawal symptoms (r 38 = −0.35, P < .05). Patients with stronger withdrawal symptoms displayed the largest volume increase of CA2+3 (r 38 = 0.55, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCEThe observed normalization of the bilateral hippocampal CA2+3 volume deficit matches animal data, showing a strong increase of hippocampal neurogenesis after cessation of alcohol consumption, and fits the reported increase of patients' cognitive function within a few months of alcohol abstinence. The role of CA3 in pattern separation and completion is also critical for formation of hallucinations, which constitute a severe symptom of the withdrawal syndrome. The study adds further biological arguments from structural brain research to abstain from alcohol.

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Reduced hippocampal volume among adolescents with alcohol use disorders without psychiatric comorbidity

Cited by 260 publications

References 45 publications

Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry

Effects of alcohol and combined marijuana and alcohol use during adolescence on hippocampal volume and asymmetry

Gene × Disease Interaction on Orbitofrontal Gray Matter in Cocaine Addiction

Plasticity of Hippocampal Subfield Volume Cornu Ammonis 2+3 Over the Course of Withdrawal in Patients With Alcohol Dependence

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