Reduced graphene oxide with ultrahigh conductivity as carbon coating layer for high performance sulfur@reduced graphene oxide cathode

Zhao, Hongbin; Peng, Zhenhuan; Wang, Wenjun; Chen, Xikun; Fang, Jianhui; Xu, Jiaqiang

doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2013.07.002

Cited by 76 publications

(39 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…All the optimized Li 2 S x molecules exhibit ring-like configurations with the two Li + ions residing on the opposite sides of the ring, which is consistent with previous calculations. 14,57,58 Table 1 is not hard to speculate that the dissolution of these polysulfides should be a competitive process between the binding strength of polysulfides and their solvation ability in the electrolytes. Apparently, lower binding energy should imply higher solubility, which means that Li 2 S 8 should be the most soluble species among all polysulfides, in consistent with the experimental observations.…”

Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring Lithium Polysulfides via Affinitive Interactions: Electrostatic Attraction, Hydrogen Bonding, or in Parallel?

Han

et al. 2015

J. Phys. Chem. C

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Stabilizing lithium polysulfides in cathodes via interactions between polysulfides and affinitive functional groups could prevent polysulfide dissolution, leading to suppressed "shuttle effect" of lithium/sulfur (Li/S) batteries. Herein, four deoxynucleotides (DNs), including A (adenine-DN), T (thymine-DN), G (guanine-DN), and C (cytosine-DN), which own rich polysulfide affinitive groups, are selected to model the anchoring environments of polysulfides. Using the most soluble Li 2 S 8 as probe, our first-principles simulations suggest that the interactions between polysulfides and substrates are highly correlated to the charges of affinitive sites, H-bonding environments and structural tension. The contributions from each type of interactions are quasiquantitatively assessed. The electrostatic attractions between Li + and the strong electron lone-pairs dominate the adsorption energetics, while the H-bonds formed between S 8 2− and substrate give rise to excessive stabilization. In contrast, structural distortion or rearrangement of the substrates is detrimental to the anchoring strengths. The quasi-quantitative resolution on the different interaction modes provides a facile and rational scheme for screening more efficient polysufide affinitive additives to sustain the cathode cyclicity of Li/S batteries.

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Section: ■ Results and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Anchoring Lithium Polysulfides via Affinitive Interactions: Electrostatic Attraction, Hydrogen Bonding, or in Parallel?

Han

et al. 2015

J. Phys. Chem. C

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“…For the reduction process, chemical reducing agents are often used such as hydrazine and hydroiodic acid (HI), which are highly toxic. [39][40][41][42] Such chemically reduced products suffer from low carbon-to-oxygen ratio (C/O), [43] and the quality of the graphene sheets in these RGO powder is very poor compared to the graphene produced via mechanical/physical exfoliation or CVD. Additionally, reduction reaction employed in aqueous suspensions entails agglomeration of the RGO sheets.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Advances in Effective Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Highly Improved Performance Toward Electrochemical Energy Storage

Zhang

Li²,

Zhang

et al. 2018

Energy & Environ Materials

124

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The demand for high‐quality graphene from various applications promotes the exploration of various synthesis methods such as chemical vapor deposition, chemical reduction of graphite oxide, liquid‐phase exfoliation, and electrochemical exfoliation. Among those, chemical treatments for the production of reduced graphene oxide (RGO) dictate the current technologies for mass production of graphene powder. However, such conventional chemical reduction methods are rather ineffective in removing oxygen‐containing functional groups from graphene oxide (GO), with resultant RGO products containing high level of structural defects. This leads to significantly damaged crystallinity and drastically lowered electric and thermal conductivity, which is probably the main bottleneck to limit the performance of RGO‐based materials. Great efforts such as thermal reduction, microwave‐irradiation reduction, or other novel reduction methods (e.g., photoreduction) have been developed to repair defects in RGO materials. This perspective review is to outline the latest advances toward effective reduction of GO for significantly enhanced properties. We demonstrate that effectively repaired RGO with large specific surface area and highly improved crystallinity is key to highly improved electric and thermal conductivity, thus leading to significantly enhanced properties essential for chemical energy storage devices.

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“…[14][15][16][17][18] Porous carbon materials with a high specific surface area, large pore volume, and nanoporous structure were proven to be an effective conductive framework for sulfur cathodes. 9,23 To solve this problem, conductive polymer, [23][24][25] thin oxide, 26,27 and reduced graphene oxide 9,28,29 were coated on porous carbon to further trap polysulfides, thereby improving the cycling performance. 9,23 To solve this problem, conductive polymer, [23][24][25] thin oxide, 26,27 and reduced graphene oxide 9,28,29 were coated on porous carbon to further trap polysulfides, thereby improving the cycling performance.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Improving lithium–sulfur battery performance via a carbon-coating layer derived from the hydrothermal carbonization of glucose

Zhang

et al. 2015

RSC Adv.

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Sulfur possesses high specific capacity as a rechargeable lithium battery cathode. However, the commercial applications of sulfur cathode are limited by the poor electronic/ionic conductivity of elemental sulfur and polysulfides, volume expansion of sulfur during discharge process, and the high solubility of long-chain lithium polysulfides (Li2Sn, 4 ≤ n ≤ 8). Herein, we design a core-shell structure composed of active carbon (AC) and an amorphous carbon-coating layer to encapsulate the sulfur in the carbon matrix. The carbon-coating layer obtained from the hydrothermal carbonization of glucose can effectively entrap the polysulfides. Furthermore, the composite matrix provides a conducting framework serving as an electrochemical reaction chamber for the sulfur cathode. After wrapped AC-S with an amorphous carbon layer, the obtained composite cathode can effectively confine the polysulfides and buffer the volume change. Consequently, the resulting composite cathode possesses a high specific capacity, good rate capability, and stable cycling performance. At 0.2 A g -1 current density, the as-prepared carbon-coated AC-S composite cathode shows a high specific discharge capacity of 1103 mAh g -1 . At a current density of 0.8 A g -1 and 1.6 A g -1 , the composite cathode exhibites 75% capacity retention over 150cycles. The coulombic efficiency of the cell remains at approximately 95%.

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Reduced graphene oxide with ultrahigh conductivity as carbon coating layer for high performance sulfur@reduced graphene oxide cathode

Cited by 76 publications

References 30 publications

Anchoring Lithium Polysulfides via Affinitive Interactions: Electrostatic Attraction, Hydrogen Bonding, or in Parallel?

Anchoring Lithium Polysulfides via Affinitive Interactions: Electrostatic Attraction, Hydrogen Bonding, or in Parallel?

Recent Advances in Effective Reduction of Graphene Oxide for Highly Improved Performance Toward Electrochemical Energy Storage

Improving lithium–sulfur battery performance via a carbon-coating layer derived from the hydrothermal carbonization of glucose

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