Reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticle aerogel for catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol

Abstract

Currently, it is of great significance and a challenge to develop facile synthetic routes to obtain a novel plasmonic heterogeneous catalyst with high activity and long lifetime for the reduction of a refractory organic compound like 4-nitrophenol (4-NP). To this end, a three-dimensional (3D) porous framework named reduced graphene oxide/gold nanoparticle aerogel (rGO/Au NPA) was constructed by individual GO sheets and HAuCl 4 under the reduction of trisodium citrate dihydrate (Na 3 Cit) via a one-step hydrothermal method. The abundant Au NPs having a diameter of 7-160 nm can be easily in situ incorporated into graphene sheets to form a 3D hierarchical monolith by the reduction of Na 3 Cit, which was well-disclosed by field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Such 3D rGO/Au NPA with interconnected porous structure displays a good thermal stability and large Brunauer−Emmett−Teller specific surface area of 37.8325 m 2 g -1 . More importantly, the fabricated rGO/Au NPA can act as a heterogeneous catalyst, exhibiting an outstanding catalytic activity and good reusability towards the reduction of 4-NP due to the synergetic effect between Au NPs and graphene sheets. Additionally, the mechanism of enhanced catalytic efficiency for the 3D rGO/Au NPA catalyst has also been proposed.

Synthesis and characterization of the ternary graphene oxide, MnFe2O4 nanoparticles, and Polyamidoamine dendrons nanocomposite decorated with palladium as a heterogeneous catalyst for nitroaromatics reduction

“…Given their extraordinary and unique physical, chemical, and mechanical properties as well as their easy functionality, graphene and its derivatives, offer new opportunities for a wide range of applications, especially in catalytic reactions where they are typically used as a support for, or a protector of catalysts and as a catalytic center by itself. [ 8 ] In this respect, graphene and its derivatives have been functionalized with different substances including metal nanoparticles (e.g., Pd, [ 9 ] Pt, [ 10 ] Ag, [ 11 ] Au, [ 12 ] Rh, [ 13 ] Ni, [ 14 ] Cu, [ 15 ] etc. ), [ 16 ] magnetic nanoparticles (e.g., Fe 3 O 4 [ 17 ] or MFe 2 O 4 , where M = Zn, [ 18 ] Co, [ 19 ] Mn, [ 20 ] and Cu [ 21 ] ), metal complexes, [ 22 ] polymers, and different dendrimers [ 23 ] to obtain binary and ternary systems for different applications.…”

Catalytic Degradation of 4-Nitrophenol in Polluted Water by Three-Dimensional Gold Nanoparticles/Reduced Graphene Oxide Microspheres

“…The hydrogenation method has the advantages of being mild, efficient, rapid, and environmentally friendly, [8][9][10] meeting the "green chemistry" concept. Commonly used catalysts include noble metals (Au, Pt, Pd, Ru, Rh) and non-precious metals (Ag, [11][12][13][14][15][16][17][18][19][20] Cu, Ni, Fe, Mn). Au nanoparticles (Au-NPs) have more efficient 21 catalytic activity under mild conditions.…”

Freeze-Casting of Multifunctional Cellular 3D-Graphene/Ag Nanocomposites: Synergistically Affect Supercapacitor, Catalytic, and Antibacterial Properties

“…Recently, research has focused on improving the properties and the performance of 3D-graphene by decorating it with metals − and metal oxide − or making use of its composite , to meet the practical requirements. A synergistic combination of these foreign materials with 3D-graphene enables them to produce materials with superior performances in various applications, such as supercapacitors, , high-performance lithium ion batteries, − catalysis, electrocatalysts for fuel cells, , sensors, water splitting, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding .…”

“…Recently, research has focused on improving the properties and the performance of 3D-graphene by decorating it with metals − and metal oxide − or making use of its composite , to meet the practical requirements. A synergistic combination of these foreign materials with 3D-graphene enables them to produce materials with superior performances in various applications, such as supercapacitors, , high-performance lithium ion batteries, − catalysis, electrocatalysts for fuel cells, , sensors, water splitting, and electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding . Specifically, a noble metal decorated 3D-graphene nanocomposite not only avoids aggregation of noble-metal nanoparticles but also maximizes the loading of noble-metal nanoparticles, which improves properties. − Among various noble metal nanoparticles (Pt, Pd, Au, and Ag), Ag nanoparticles were chosen due to their unique electrical, optical, and physicochemical properties .…”