Reduced geomagnetic field may affect positive phototaxis and flight capacity of a migratory rice planthopper

Wan, Guijun; Yuan, Rui; Wang, Wenjing; Fu, Kai‐Yun; Zhao, Jing-Yu; Jiang, Shoulin; Pan, Weidong; Sword, Gregory A.; Chen, Fajun

doi:10.1016/j.anbehav.2016.08.024

Cited by 17 publications

(37 citation statements)

References 62 publications

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“…The position of tested N. lugens within the effective areas of the two coil systems was randomly changed in the same way daily. Following an established rearing protocol, rice planthoppers were exposed to the GMF 50μT vs. GMF 50μT treatments for one generation from mated F0 females to newly emerged F1 adults that were used in the assays [9]. We exposed N. lugens to the different GMF intensities for one generation because the insects were expected to undergo at least one more long-distance migration after F0 generation.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…According to the responses of the closely-related migratory species S. furcifera to GMF compensation, and given that 2-day-old adult N. lugens begin to take off for migration [25], newly emerged to 3-day-old adults (D1-D3) and 2-day-old (D2) adults were investigated for positive phototaxis and flight capacity from 1800–0800 hours (subjective dark period), respectively. Phototaxis was assessed using a previously developed assay system for rice planthoppers [9]. To ensure that the only difference between the groups was the imposed magnetic field and considering that N. lugens would not all emerge on the same day, ten female or male adults of the same post-emergence age (D1, D2 or D3) were randomly selected from GMF 50μT or GMF 45μT treatments and assigned to each channel of the phototaxis testing apparatus under corresponding magnetic field conditions at 1745 hours (allowing 15 min for acclimation).…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition to using GMF for orientation and navigation, animals can also exhibit other physiological and behavioural responses to changes in magnetic field intensity [9-15]. However, few studies have focused on responses of animals to changes in geomagnetic field intensity at levels that naturally vary in their environment [12, 16].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our work with migratory white-backed planthopper, Sogatella furcifera , showed that the absence of GMF can affect the expression of important migration-related behaviours, potentially through Cry-mediated hormone signaling. This includes changes in positive phototaxis which is critical for the ascent process, and flight capacity which is energetically-intensive and one of the main parameters used to assess migration ability [9, 18]. Additionally, previous work in migratory birds showed that changes in GMF information (both intensity and direction) over the migration route can affect their fuelling decisions and migratory restlessness [19-22].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Geomagnetic field intensity as a cue for the regulation of insect migration

Wan

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

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1Geomagnetic field (GMF) intensity can be used by some animals to determine their direction and 2 position during migration. However, its role, if any, in mediating other migration-related phenotypes 3 remains largely unknown. Here, we simulated variation in GMF intensity between two locations 4 along the migration route of a nocturnal insect migrant, the brown planthopper Nilaparvata lugens, 5 that varied by ~5 μ T (GMF 50μT vs. GMF 45μT ) in field intensity. After one generation of exposure, we 6 tested for changes in key morphological, behavioural and physiological traits related to migratory 7 performance including wing dimorphism, flight capacity and positive phototaxis. Our results showed 8 that all three morphological and behavioural phenotypes responded to a small difference in magnetic 9 field intensity between the simulated northern vs. southern locations in ways expected along the 1 0 migratory route. Consistent magnetic responses in the expression of the phototaxis-related 1 1Drosophila-like cryptochrome 1 (Cry1) gene and levels of two primary energy substrates used during 1 2 flight, triglyceride and trehalose, were also found. Our findings indicate GMF intensity can be a cue 1 3 that regulates the expression of phenotypes critical for insect migration and highlight the unique role 1 4 of magnetoreception as a trait that can help migratory insects express potentially beneficial 1 5 phenotypes in geographically variable environments.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Geomagnetic field intensity as a cue for the regulation of insect migration

Wan

Liu

Wang

et al. 2019

Preprint

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“…In a narrow sense, magnetoreception refers to the acute ability of animals to detect the GMF (Lohmann, 2010). However, increasing evidence for chronic responses of organisms to magnetic field variation suggests the importance of general magnetoreception in biological processes across taxa (Binhi and Prato, 2017;Henshaw et al, 2009;Maffei, 2014;Wan et al, 2016;Wan et al, 2014;Wan et al, 2015b;Wang et al, 2008). Among studies that subject organisms to different magnetic field intensity treatments, many concern the bioeffects induced by the near-zero magnetic field (NZMF) (Binhi and Prato, 2017;Wang et al, 2008).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geomagnetic field absence reduces adult body weight of a migratory insect by disrupting feeding behavior and appetite regulation

Wan

Jiang

Zhang

et al. 2019

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The geomagnetic field (GMF) is well documented for its essential role as a cue used in animal orientation or navigation. Recent evidence indicates that the absence of GMF can trigger stress-like responses such as reduced body weight, as we have previously shown in newly emerged adults of the brown planthopper, Nilaparvata lugens. To test the hypothesis that reduced feeding in the absence of the GMF leads to a decrease of N. lugens body weight, we compared magnetic responses in feeding behavior, glucose levels, and expression of magnetoreception-and appetite-related genes in brown planthopper nymphs exposed to either a near-zero magnetic field (NZMF, i.e., GMF absence) or typical GMF conditions. In addition to observing the expected responses in the expression of the potential magnetosensor cryptochromes, the food intake of 5 th instar nymphs was significantly reduced in insects reared in the absence of GMF. Insects that exhibited reduced feeding reared in the absence of the GMF also had higher glucose levels which is associated with food aversion.Expression patterns of appetite-related neuropeptide genes were also altered in the absence of GMF in a manner consistent with diminishing appetite. These findings support the hypothesis that strong changes in GMF intensity can affect insect feeding behavior and underlying regulatory processes.Our results provide further evidence that magnetoreception and regulatory responses to GMF changes can affect a wide variety of biological processes.

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