Reduced emotional and cardiovascular reactivity to emotionally evocative stimuli in major depressive disorder

Jin, Alvin; Steding, Lindsey H.; Webb, Andrea

doi:10.1016/j.ijpsycho.2015.04.014

Cited by 23 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 35 publications

(50 reference statements)

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“…The differences may simply reflect the greater arousal ratings of the unpleasant stimuli in comparison to the pleasant stimuli. Consistent with this, previous studies that have identified elevated pupil size to both negative and positive images [63, 78, 145] and sound-clips [72] have employed stimuli matched for subjective arousal ratings. Indeed, the present data showed that pupil diameter to the sound-clips was predicted by subjective arousal ratings uniquely over subjective valence.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

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As Far as the Eye Can See: Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli

2017

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Psychopathic individuals show a range of affective processing deficits, typically associated with the interpersonal/affective component of psychopathy. However, previous research has been inconsistent as to whether psychopathy, within both offender and community populations, is associated with deficient autonomic responses to the simple presentation of affective stimuli. Changes in pupil diameter occur in response to emotionally arousing stimuli and can be used as an objective indicator of physiological reactivity to emotion. This study used pupillometry to explore whether psychopathic traits within a community sample were associated with hypo-responsivity to the affective content of stimuli. Pupil activity was recorded for 102 adult (52 female) community participants in response to affective (both negative and positive affect) and affectively neutral stimuli, that included images of scenes, static facial expressions, dynamic facial expressions and sound-clips. Psychopathic traits were measured using the Triarchic Psychopathy Measure. Pupil diameter was larger in response to negative stimuli, but comparable pupil size was demonstrated across pleasant and neutral stimuli. A linear relationship between subjective arousal and pupil diameter was found in response to sound-clips, but was not evident in response to scenes. Contrary to predictions, psychopathy was unrelated to emotional modulation of pupil diameter across all stimuli. The findings were the same when participant gender was considered. This suggests that psychopathy within a community sample is not associated with autonomic hypo-responsivity to affective stimuli, and this effect is discussed in relation to later defensive/appetitive mobilisation deficits.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 60%

“…Finally, we also measured pupil response to sound-clips; this is advantageous as sound is an emotionally-evocative stimulus and it removes any visual influence on the pupil, yet few studies [72, 78] have examined pupil reactivity to affective and neutral sound-clips.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

As Far as the Eye Can See: Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli

2017

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“…Major depressive disorder and psychopathy were not associated with altered pupil dilation to emotional or neutral sounds in the studies of Burley et al. (2017) and Jin et al. (2015) .…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 70%

The Pupil Dilation Response to Auditory Stimuli: Current State of Knowledge

2018

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The measurement of cognitive resource allocation during listening, or listening effort, provides valuable insight in the factors influencing auditory processing. In recent years, many studies inside and outside the field of hearing science have measured the pupil response evoked by auditory stimuli. The aim of the current review was to provide an exhaustive overview of these studies. The 146 studies included in this review originated from multiple domains, including hearing science and linguistics, but the review also covers research into motivation, memory, and emotion. The present review provides a unique overview of these studies and is organized according to the components of the Framework for Understanding Effortful Listening. A summary table presents the sample characteristics, an outline of the study design, stimuli, the pupil parameters analyzed, and the main findings of each study. The results indicate that the pupil response is sensitive to various task manipulations as well as interindividual differences. Many of the findings have been replicated. Frequent interactions between the independent factors affecting the pupil response have been reported, which indicates complex processes underlying cognitive resource allocation. This complexity should be taken into account in future studies that should focus more on interindividual differences, also including older participants. This review facilitates the careful design of new studies by indicating the factors that should be controlled for. In conclusion, measuring the pupil dilation response to auditory stimuli has been demonstrated to be sensitive method applicable to numerous research questions. The sensitivity of the measure calls for carefully designed stimuli.

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“…In addition to altered sympathetic cardiovascular tone, MDD may be associated with peculiarities in sympathetic reactivity during stress or effort. It has been reported that MDD patients, as compared to healthy individuals, exhibit smaller increases in blood pressure, heart rate, and cardiac output during stressors such as public speaking, mirror tracing, serial subtractions, and emotional pictures (Ehrenthal, Herrmann‐Lingen, Fey, & Schauenburg, 2010; Jin, Steding, & Webb, 2015; Salomon, Clift, Karlsdottir, & Rottenberg, 2009). Similarly, in samples drawn from the general population and in patients with coronary artery disease, heart rate, and blood pressure responses during mental stress were inversely related to symptoms of depression (Carroll, Phillips, & Der, 2007; Phillips, 2011; Schwerdtfeger & Rosenkaimer, 2011; Silvia, Nusbaum, Eddington, Beaty, & Kwapil, 2014; York et al., 2007).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Features of autonomic cardiovascular control during cognition in major depressive disorder

et al. 2020

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Major depressive disorder (MDD) severely affects patients' psychosocial function and quality of life and causes significant socioeconomic burden (Paykel, Brugha, & Fryers, 2005). The lifetime prevalence of MDD is estimated at 20%, with approximately two thirds of patients experiencing recurrent episodes or a chronic course (Kessler et al., 2010). The vast impact of the disorder on public health is reflected by its recognition as the major cause of disability worldwide (WHO, 2017). Abnormalities in autonomic nervous system activity are considered an important factor in

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Reduced emotional and cardiovascular reactivity to emotionally evocative stimuli in major depressive disorder

Cited by 23 publications

References 35 publications

As Far as the Eye Can See: Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli

As Far as the Eye Can See: Relationship between Psychopathic Traits and Pupil Response to Affective Stimuli

The Pupil Dilation Response to Auditory Stimuli: Current State of Knowledge

Features of autonomic cardiovascular control during cognition in major depressive disorder

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