Reduced efficacy of biocontrol agents and plant resistance inducers against potato early blight from greenhouse to field

Stridh, Linnea; Mostafanezhad, Hadis; Andersen, Christian B.; Odilbekov, Firuz; Grenville‐Briggs, Laura J.; Lankinen, Åsa; Liljeroth, Erland

doi:10.1007/s41348-022-00633-4

Cited by 12 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 34 publications

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“…Chemical control with the use of synthetic fungicides is today the most common way to battle potato early blight (Campo Arana et al, 2007;Odilbekov et al, 2016;Jordbruksverket, 2023;Stridh et al, 2023). Currently the available fungicides are highly efficient (Stridh et al, 2022), but this can change rapidly, as it has before , with the rise of fungicide resistance. It is questionable to rely solely on chemical control as a control method for pests, since a rapid loss of efficacy in the pesticide can lead to a devastating crop failure (Yellareddygari et al, 2019).…”

Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative strategies to treat potato early blight

Stridh

2024

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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Potato, Solanum tuberosum, is a staple crop grown worldwide. Like all other plants that are cultivated in the world’s vast agricultural system, potatoes are constantly under attack by plant pathogens. Early blight is a potato disease caused by a fungal pathogen called Alternaria solani. In Sweden this pathogen is particularly problematic in the starch potato industry causing premature defoliation and reduced starch yield. The most common current treatment is application of fungicides. The focus of the research presented in this thesis has been to test and evaluate alternative ways to combat this pathogen in an applied Swedish field environment. A three-year observational study was conducted, as were multiple field trials, to achieve a broader understanding of how to manage early blight. The results of the observational study led us to design further field trials to test the importance of potassium. We found interesting differences in disease severity among the farms. The field trials consisted of evaluating cultivar tolerance, biological control measures such as the use of biocontrol agents (BCAs) and plant resistance inducers (PRIs), and the role of plant nutrients. The most important finding in this thesis is that the best treatment strategy is highly farm specific, and it is crucial to customize the treatments at a field level. The soil composition is the single largest factor that impacts the rate of infection. A sandier soil is much more likely to suffer from early blight induced yield loss and the recommended treatments should be based on the sand content of the soil in the specific field. Further results conclude that the potassium content in the soil and leaf plays a role in disease rate since a depletion caused heavier infection. The BCAs and PRIs evaluated showed potential for future alternative strategies but none of the evaluated substances proved to be efficient under field conditions. Lastly, it was observed that there are differences among starch potato cultivars currently grown, that affect the disease rate of early blight.

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Section: Chemical Controlmentioning

confidence: 99%

Alternative strategies to treat potato early blight

Stridh

2024

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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“…infestans, BCAs against early blight include organisms from different kingdoms, e.g. fungi (Boyno et al, 2022;Metz & Hausladen, 2022), bacteria (Attia et al, 2020), and chromista (Stridh et al, 2022). Combinations of biocontrol agents against A. solani have also been reported (Boyno et al, 2022;Stridh et al, 2022).…”

Section: Biocontrol Of Early Blightmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…fungi (Boyno et al, 2022;Metz & Hausladen, 2022), bacteria (Attia et al, 2020), and chromista (Stridh et al, 2022). Combinations of biocontrol agents against A. solani have also been reported (Boyno et al, 2022;Stridh et al, 2022). Mycoparasitism is one of the mechanisms that has been reported in different species of Clonostachys, which succeeded in significantly reducing Alternaria grandis sporulation in potato plants, leading to reduced disease incidence in pot grown potato plants (da .…”

Section: Biocontrol Of Early Blightmentioning

confidence: 99%

Friend or Foe? Biocontrol interactions of Pythium oligandrum within the potato cropping system

Andersen¹

2023

Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Sueciae

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The potato crop is a valuable but vulnerable food source on a global level. It is under constant pressure from destructive plant diseases such as early and late blight. Traditionally to control these diseases farmers have relied heavily on synthetic fungicide use. It is evident that the use of agrochemicals such as synthetic fungicides can cause unwanted effects on the environment, and human health. Thus, there is a need for a more sustainable approach to control diseases in the potato cropping system. One approach could be to use biological control agents, (BCAs) such as mycoparasitic Pythium species to control the disease. However, to utilize these BCAs in the best way we need to increase our fundamental knowledge about their biology and interactions within potato cropping systems. Therefore, the aim of this thesis is to broaden our fundamental knowledge of the mycoparasitic Pythium species, Pythium oligandrum and Pythium periplocum, and how they differentiate from their phytopathogenic counterparts. Further, the thesis also pinpoints characteristics that determine mycoparasitism in these two Pythiums, and how this relates to their biocontrol abilities, at the molecular level. This was elucidated using comparative genomics, transcriptomics. The result showed that ABC transporters, AVH-like RXLR effectors, and an expanded CAZyme among other things, are conserved and important for mycoparasitism, by P. oligandrum and P. periplocum both when preying on phytopathogens but also in comparison to closely related plant pathogens. This thesis also explores if P. oligandrum can be used as an antagonist against early blight disease on potato plants. The results showed that P. oligandrum did induce disease suppression in potato in controlled greenhouse environments, however in the field trials when the disease pressure was high the effects disappeared. The thesis also explores if and how P. oligandrum interacts with the potato plants. The results showed that P. oligandrum induced biostimulation in potato both in controlled environments and field studies, although the biostimulation was in a plant-genotype dependent manner. Finally, the thesis investigates the impact on the resident rhizosphere microbiome of field grown potato plants when P. oligandrum was applied. The results showed that P. oligandrum has a very limited impact on the diversity and community structure in the rhizosphere of potato. Overall, the work in this thesis has generated a deeper understanding of the fundamental biology of the mycoparasitic Pythium species and how they differ from plant pathogens. An increased understanding of the environmental consequences and how P. oligandrum can be utilized as a BCA in the potato cropping system has been elucidated. This work also contributes with pivotal knowledge about how P. oligandrum can be utilized in an IPM strategy in the potato agricultural cropping system.

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