Reduced Docosahexaenoic Acid Synthesis May Contribute to Growth Restriction in Infants Born to Mothers Who Smoke

Agostoni, Carlo; Galli, Cláudio; Riva, Enrica; Colombo, Claudio; Giovannini, Marcello; Marangoni, Franca

doi:10.1016/j.jpeds.2005.05.040

Cited by 46 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…Exclusion criteria included habitual maternal alcohol consumption and smoking habits for the possible effects on infants' FA status that seem to be unrelated to being preterm or SGA (15,16). Except cases requiring parenteral nutrient supplementations, all infants were fed their own mother's milk.…”

Section: Methods and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Whole Blood Fatty Acid Composition Differs in Term Versus Mildly Preterm Infants: Small Versus Matched Appropriate for Gestational Age

et al. 2008

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ABSTRACT:To investigate the associations between whole blood fatty acid (FA) profile and restricted intrauterine growth, any small for gestational age (SGA) infant born in our maternity ward through 1 y was matched with two appropriate for gestational age (AGA), of the same GA Ϯ 0.5 wk, infants, further subdivided into term and preterm. Whole blood was collected at d 4 on a strip and FA % composition assessed by means of gas chromatography. The whole sample consisted of 28 SGA versus 56 AGA born at term and 20 SGA versus 40 AGA born preterm at around 35 wks. Parent FA of the n-6 and n-3 FA families were higher in preterm groups, whereas docosahexaenoic acid was higher in term AGA (median % values, 3.9 versus 3.7 in term SGA, 2.8 in preterm AGA, and 2.5 in preterm SGA, p Ͻ 0.001). Term AGA had markedly higher values for the docosahexaenoic acid/alpha-linolenic acid ratio (median value: 91, versus 18 in term SGA, 12 in preterm AGA, and 10 in preterm SGA, p Ͻ 0.001). Term SGA had significantly lower levels of total monounsaturated FA and higher levels of eicosapentaenoic acid. Therefore, the 4-d whole blood FA pattern is associated with both GA and birth weight. (Pediatr Res 64: 298-302, 2008)

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Section: Methods and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…FAs were analyzed in a drop of whole blood absorbed on a strip of chromatography paper by an innovative method validated for reproducibility (23), and already applied to studies in infants (16) …”

Section: Methods and Subjectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Whole Blood Fatty Acid Composition Differs in Term Versus Mildly Preterm Infants: Small Versus Matched Appropriate for Gestational Age

et al. 2008

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“…It involves measurement of FA profiles in a single drop of blood absorbed on a strip of chromatography paper and transmethylated for gas chromatography analysis. It has shown several relevant advantages (applicability, time and costs) in various studies (Agostoni et al 2005;Marangoni et al 2004). This new method will be applied on a large scale in the IDEFICS surveys and will be validated in a sub-set of blood samples using classical techniques.…”

Section: Blood Lipids From Capillary Bloodmentioning

confidence: 99%

Assessment of diet, physical activity and biological, social and environmental factors in a multi-centre European project on diet- and lifestyle-related disorders in children (IDEFICS)

et al. 2006

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Obesity is a major public health problem in developed countries. We present a European project, called Identification and Prevention of Dietary and Lifestyle-induced Health Effects in Children and Infants (IDEFICS), that focuses on diet- and lifestyle-related diseases in children. This paper outlines methodological aspects and means of quality control in IDEFICS. IDEFICS will use a multicentre survey design of a population-based cohort of about 17,000 2- to 10-year-old children in nine European countries (Belgium, Cyprus, Estonia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Spain and Sweden). The project will investigate the impact of dietary factors such as food intake and food preferences, lifestyle factors such as physical activity, psychosocial factors and genetic factors on the development of obesity and other selected diet- and lifestyle-related disorders. An intervention study will be set up in pre-school and primary school settings in eight of the survey centres. Standardised survey instruments will be designed during the first phase of the project and applied in the surveys by all centres. Standard operation procedures (SOPs) will be developed, as well as a plan for training the personnel involved in the surveys. These activities will be accompanied by a quality control strategy that will encompass the evaluation of process and result quality throughout the project. IDEFICS will develop comparable Europe-wide health indicators and instruments for data collection among young children. Establishment of a new European cohort within IDEFICS will provide a unique opportunity to document the development of the obesity epidemic in the current generation of young Europeans and investigate the impact of primary prevention in European children populations

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“…In fact, human plasma levels of AA are enhanced in patients treated with lipid lowering drugs [24][25] whereas levels of n-3 LCP are reduced after exposure to smoke [26][27].…”

Section: Fat Intakes and Fa Metabolising Enzymesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Origin of fatty acids in the body: endogenous synthesis versus dietary intakes

Galli

Risé

2006

Eur. J. Lipid Sci. Technol.

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Origin of fatty acids in the body: endogenous synthesis versus dietary intakesFats, as fatty acids (FA), together with carbohydrates, represent a major substrate group for energy production. In contrast to carbohydrates FA are less efficiently used for energy and more easily stored in tissues. A major issue, still not completely solved, concerns the origin of FA in the organism. The two theoretical alternatives are a) endogenous de novo lipogenesis from carbohydrates, and b) supply through the diet. Various pieces of evidence indicate that the first option, while well-documented in simple biological systems, plays a minimal role in vivo. The exogenous origin therefore represents the preferred, major route of FA supply to the body. This is also supported by the observation that only the enzymes involved in the production of long-chain polyunsaturated FA from their precursors, and not those involved in the synthesis of the FA that are abundant in the diet, are operating in vivo. Finally, as a consequence of the load of fats in our diets, competition for esterification, and reciprocal replacements, of the unsaturated FA and FA classes, that are most abundantly provided by the diet, take place in plasma lipids.

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Reduced Docosahexaenoic Acid Synthesis May Contribute to Growth Restriction in Infants Born to Mothers Who Smoke

Cited by 46 publications

References 12 publications

Whole Blood Fatty Acid Composition Differs in Term Versus Mildly Preterm Infants: Small Versus Matched Appropriate for Gestational Age

Whole Blood Fatty Acid Composition Differs in Term Versus Mildly Preterm Infants: Small Versus Matched Appropriate for Gestational Age

Assessment of diet, physical activity and biological, social and environmental factors in a multi-centre European project on diet- and lifestyle-related disorders in children (IDEFICS)

Origin of fatty acids in the body: endogenous synthesis versus dietary intakes

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