Reduced Corpus‐Callosum Volume in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Highlights the Importance of Interhemispheric Connectivity for Associative Memory

Saar‐Ashkenazy, Rotem; Cohen, Jonathan; Guez, Jonathan; Gasho, Chris; Shelef, Ilan; Friedman, Alon; Shalev, Hadar

doi:10.1002/jts.21887

Cited by 27 publications

(38 citation statements)

References 78 publications

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“…This observed loss of WM integrity within the body and genu of the corpus callosum, together with bilateral reductions in the anterior thalamic radiation, cingulum cingulate gyrus, superior longitudinal fasciculus, and uncinate fasciculus would likely have an effect on interhemispheric information transfer across anatomical regions associated with PTSD. Previous studies of adult onset PTSD have found reductions in corpus callosum WM integrity (Saar‐Ashkenazy et al, ; Villarreal et al, ) and correlations of FA values with PTSD symptom severity (Saar‐Ashkenazy et al, ). The current study observed a moderate negative correlation between FA values of the corpus callosum body and CAPS lifetime hyperarousal scores, ( r (23) = −.438, p = .028) (concordant moderate positive RD/AD/MD correlations, see Supporting Information, Tables 3–5) in PTSD diagnosed subjects.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

White matter integrity alterations in post‐traumatic stress disorder

O'Doherty

Ryder

Paquola

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating condition which can develop after exposure to traumatic stressors. Seventy-five adults were recruited from the community, 25 diagnosed with PTSD along with 25 healthy and 25 trauma-exposed age- and gender-matched controls. Participants underwent clinical assessment and magnetic resonance imaging. A previous voxel based morphometry (VBM) study using the same subject cohort identified decreased grey matter (GM) volumes within frontal/subcortical brain regions including the hippocampus, amygdala, and anterior cingulate cortex (ACC). This study examines the microstructural integrity of white matter (WM) tracts connecting the aforementioned regions/structures. Using diffusion tensor imaging, we investigated the integrity of frontal/subcortical WM tracts between all three subject groups. Trauma exposed subjects with and without PTSD diagnosis were identified to have significant disruption in WM integrity as indexed by decreased fractional anisotropy (FA) in the uncinate fasciculus (UF), cingulum cingulate gyrus (CCG), and corpus callosum (CC), when compared with healthy non-trauma-exposed controls. Significant negative correlations were found between total Clinician Administered PTSD scale (CAPS) lifetime clinical subscores and FA values of PTSD subjects in the right UF, CCG, CC body, and right superior longitudinal fasciculus (SLF). An analysis between UF and SLF FA values and VBM determined rostral ACC GM values found a negative correlation in PTSD subjects. Findings suggest that compromised WM integrity in important tracts connecting limbic structures such as the amygdala to frontal regions including the ACC (i.e., the UF and CCG) may contribute to impairments in threat/fear processing associated with PTSD.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

White matter integrity alterations in post‐traumatic stress disorder

O'Doherty

Ryder

Paquola

et al. 2017

Human Brain Mapping

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“…As patients with PTSD show reduced FCAs (e.g. [101,107]) and also reduced volume of the corpus callosum [99], one could speculate that inhibitory callosal effects are reduced in these patients, resulting in a more bilateral mode of information processing. However, the possibility that mixed lateral preferences present a risk factor for (rather than an effect of) PTSD should be further investigated.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress and laterality – The comparative perspective

Ocklenburg

Korte

Peterburs

et al. 2016

Physiology & Behavior

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“…These results further indicate that 2-VO induced cognitive deficiency may be related with visual system injury and WMLs. In addition, many studies indicate that degeneration in white matter (especially CC) positively correlated with associative memory deficits [52] and cognitive impairment [53]. Therefore, it is still possible that the robust glial activation in the CC, although transient, may deteriorate the function of white matter and contribute to the later non-vision dominant behavioral deficits.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Long-Term Vision and Non-Vision Dominant Behavioral Deficits in the 2-VO Rats Are Accompanied by Time and Regional Glial Activation in the White Matter

et al. 2014

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The permanent occlusion of common carotid arteries (2-VO) in rats has been shown to induce progressive and long-lasting deficits in cognitive performance, however, whether these aberrant behaviors are attributed to visual dysfunction or cognitive impairment and what are the underlying mechanisms, remain controversial. In the present study, vision dominant (Morris water maze) and non-vision dominant (voice-cued fear conditioning) behavioral tests were assigned to comprehensively evaluate the influence of 2-VO lesion on cognitive behaviors. In the Morris water maze test, escape latencies of 2-VO rats were markedly increased in both hidden and unfixed visible platform tasks, which were accompanied by severe retinal damage. In the voice-cued fear conditioning test, significant reduction in the percentage of freezing behavior was observed at 60 days after 2-VO lesion. Chronic lesion by 2-VO failed to cause noticeable changes in the grey matter, as indicated by intact hippocampal and prefrontal cortical structures, sustained synaptic protein levels and glial cell numbers. In contrast, aberrant arrangement of myelinated axons was observed in the optic tract, but not in the corpus callosum and inner capsule of 2-VO rats. Concurrently, marked astrocyte proliferation and microglia activation in the optic tract occurred at 3 days after 2-VO lesion, and continued for up to 60 days. Differently, robust glial activation was observed in the corpus callosum at 3 days after 2-VO surgery, and then gradually returned to the baseline level at 14 and 60 days. Our study reported for the first time about the effect of 2-VO on the long-term cognitive impairment in the non-vision dominant fear conditioning test, which may be more applicable than the Morris water maze test for assessing 2-VO associated cognitive function. The time and region specific glial activation in the white matter may relate to retinal impairment, even behavioral deficits, in the setting of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.

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Reduced Corpus‐Callosum Volume in Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Highlights the Importance of Interhemispheric Connectivity for Associative Memory

Cited by 27 publications

References 78 publications

White matter integrity alterations in post‐traumatic stress disorder

White matter integrity alterations in post‐traumatic stress disorder

Stress and laterality – The comparative perspective

Long-Term Vision and Non-Vision Dominant Behavioral Deficits in the 2-VO Rats Are Accompanied by Time and Regional Glial Activation in the White Matter

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