Reduced bone formation in UK Gulf War veterans: a bone histomorphometric study

Compston, Juliet; Vedi, S.; Stephen, A. B.; Bord, S.; Lyons, AR; Hodges, SJ; Scammell, B.E.

doi:10.1136/jcp.55.12.897

Cited by 10 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 22 publications

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“…Increased SMI is associated with the reduced quality of trabecular bone. Consistent with our results, a clinical study using iliac crest bone biopsies from Gulf War veterans with many having traumatic experience showed a decreased trabecular bone volume compared to the age matched controls (Compston et al, 2002;Freemont, …”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The negative impact of single prolonged stress (SPS) on bone development in mice

Watt

Kesavan

et al. 2013

Stress

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Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) disrupts hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function. Given the established role of HPA axis hormones in regulating bone metabolism, we tested the hypothesis that traumatic stress has a negative impact on bone development. We employed a variant single prolonged stress (SPS) model in which several stressors were applied to three week old C57BL/6J mice. Compared to the controls, the stressed mice showed increased freezing behavior reminiscent of PTSD symptoms. At two weeks, bone mineral content (BMC), bone area (B area) and bone mineral density (BMD) in total body based on dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) analysis were reduced by 10.2%, 7.0% and 3.6%, respectively. Micro-CT analysis of the metaphyseal region of the excised tibia revealed that SPS caused a deterioration of trabecular architecture with trabecular number (Tb.N), BV/TV, connectivity density (Conn-Den) decreasing 12.0%, 18.9%, 23.3% and trabecular spacing (Tb.Sp), structure model index (SMI) increasing 13.9%, 21.8%, respectively. Mechanical loading increased the cross-sectional area in the mid-shaft region of the loaded right versus unloaded left tibia by 7.6% in the controls, and 10.0% in the stressed mice. Therefore, SPS applied to pre-pubertal young mice produced strong negative impact on both bone mass acquisition and trabecular architecture. Mechanical loading can be employed to increase bone size, a parameter related to bone strength, in normal as well as stressed conditions.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 92%

The negative impact of single prolonged stress (SPS) on bone development in mice

Watt

Kesavan

et al. 2013

Stress

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“…abnormalities in calcification of skeleton occur also among soldiers of other armies. Examination of skeletal system of British soldiers, participants of the Gulf war, revealed significant reduction of osteogenesis, what authors associated with exposure to potentially harmful conditions of service [13]. this suggestion is confirmed by results of tests carried out among Polish soldiers returning from a mission in afghanistan, which also showed abnormalities in mineralization of bones [9].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 58%

Bones Mineralization Status of Soldiers Doing Military Service in Different Types of Polish Army Units

Bertrandt

Kłos²

2016

hpc

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“…As mentioned in Section , patients who went through traumatic experiences were at risk of developing osteoporosis (Glaesmer et al, ; Marcus & Menczel, ). Compston et al () compared 17 Gulf War veterans with 13 healthy controls and reported a significant reduction in bone formation at both the cellular and tissue levels among the veterans. Hain et al () discovered low hip bone mineral density in Vietnam‐era male repatriated prisoners of war with PTSD compared with that in both the control group and repatriates without PTSD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Post‐traumatic stress disorder and risk of osteoporosis: A nationwide longitudinal study

et al. 2018

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Several studies suggested a relationship between stress and related mental illnesses, such as depression and osteoporosis. However, it was unclear whether patients with post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) were at risk of developing osteoporosis in later life. In this study, 6,041 patients with PTSD and 24,164 age- or sex-matched controls were enrolled between 2002 and 2009 in our study and followed up to the end of 2011. Cases of osteoporosis were identified during the follow-up. Patients with PTSD had an elevated likelihood of developing osteoporosis (HR: 2.66, 95% CI [1.91, 3.71]) in later life compared with the controls. Sensitivity tests after excluding the first year observation (HR: 2.46, 95% CI [1.72, 3.53]) and the first 3-year observation (HR: 1.88, 95% CI [1.18, 3.01]) were consistent. Patients with PTSD had a higher risk of developing osteoporosis at an earlier age compared with those without PTSD. Further studies would be necessary to clarify the pathophysiology between PTSD and osteoporosis.

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Reduced bone formation in UK Gulf War veterans: a bone histomorphometric study

Cited by 10 publications

References 22 publications

The negative impact of single prolonged stress (SPS) on bone development in mice

The negative impact of single prolonged stress (SPS) on bone development in mice

Bones Mineralization Status of Soldiers Doing Military Service in Different Types of Polish Army Units

Post‐traumatic stress disorder and risk of osteoporosis: A nationwide longitudinal study

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