Reduced amount of olfactory receptor neurons in the rat model of depression

Li, Qianlu; Yang, Deyu; Wang, Juan; Liu, Li; Feng, Ge; Li, Juan; Liao, Juan; Wei, You-Dong; Li, Zhiwei

doi:10.1016/j.neulet.2015.07.007

Cited by 29 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 32 publications

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“…In addition, GAP-43 is essential for synaptic plasticity, axon elongation, and nerve germination during the development and maturation of neurons in adult rats (58,59). Our results are similar to Li and Yang et al in that the expression of GAP43 in rats with depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors is significantly downregulated (60). The results showed that the expression of PSD-95 had the same trend as GAP-43.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Early Maternal Separation Combined With Adolescent Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress on Behavior and Synaptic Plasticity in Adult Female Rats

Huang

Shen

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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Our aims were to evaluate the depression model of early maternal separation (MS) combined with adolescent chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS) in female adult SD rats to observe the behavior and the expressions of synaptic proteins in rats and to provide a reference for the screening of antidepressant drug activity. In our study, MS and CUMS were conducted to establish a dual stress model on female rats. Behavioral tests, including the sucrose preference test, open field test, and zero maze test, were used to detect depression-like and anxiety-like behavior of animals. Nissl staining was used to detect the number of neuronal cells in the hippocampus CA1 and DG regions of rats from each group. Synaptophysin (SYN), postsynaptic density-95 (PSD-95), and growth-associated protein-43 (GAP-43) expressions in the hippocampus were detected by western blot. Expression of the hippocampus SYN protein was further detected by immunohistochemistry. Rats in the MS+CUMS group presented more serious depression-like and anxiety-like behavior than in the MS group. Also, few Nissl bodies in the hippocampus CA1 and DG regions, less percentage of SYN-positive cells, and downregulated expressions of SYN, PSD-95, and GAP43 were found in the hippocampus of rats in MS+CUMS group. In conclusion, adult female rats that underwent MS and CUMS performed more critical depression-like and anxiety-like behaviors, and this process may be resulted from synaptic plasticity impairment.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 89%

The Effect of Early Maternal Separation Combined With Adolescent Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress on Behavior and Synaptic Plasticity in Adult Female Rats

Huang

Shen

et al. 2021

Front. Psychiatry

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“…Antidepressant medication diminishes these behavioral effects (4). Compared to controls, rats from the depression condition exhibit a significantly thinner olfactory epithelium which is characterized by a marked decrease of olfactory receptor neurons (6). The bulbectomized rat is hence used as an animal model for depression (7), and various studies demonstrate that the same mechanisms in principle apply to humans: we found a negative relation between OB volume and depression score in clinical samples (8,9).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 66%

Null Effect of Olfactory Training With Patients Suffering From Depressive Disorders—An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

et al. 2020

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Due to a close functional relation between brain areas processing emotion and those processing olfaction, major depression is often accompanied by reduced olfactory function. Such hyposmia can be improved by regular olfactory training (OT) over several months. As this training furthermore improves subjective well-being, we explored whether OT is a useful complementary strategy for depression treatment. A total of 102 depressive outpatients were randomly assigned to OT or a control training condition, which were performed twice a day for 16 weeks. Compliance was continuously monitored. Before and after training we measured depression severity and olfactory function. About half of the patients of both groups did not complete the training. Among the remaining patients, depression severity decreased significantly in both groups. The absence of an interaction effect indicated no selective impact of OT and the variance of depression improvement explained by OT was as little as 0.1%. The low compliance suggests that OT is not feasible for large parts of our sample of depressive outpatients, most likely due to a diseaseimmanent lack of motivation. In those patients who completed the training, lack of specific effects suggest that OT is not more useful then unspecific activation or attention training.

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“…In addition, a study found a reduced volume of the olfactory bulb in depressed patients [ 63 ]. A study using a rat model of depression, with unpredictable chronic mild stress (UCMS), has observed a reduced amount of olfactory receptor neurons in olfactory epithelium [ 64 ]. These results may explain some of the impairment in olfactory sensitivity observed in depressed patients.…”

Section: What Is the Link Between Olfaction And Depression?mentioning

confidence: 99%

Depression, Olfaction, and Quality of Life: A Mutual Relationship

et al. 2018

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Olfactory dysfunction has been well studied in depression. Common brain areas are involved in depression and in the olfactory process, suggesting that olfactory impairments may constitute potential markers of this disorder. Olfactory markers of depression can be either state (present only in symptomatic phases) or trait (persistent after symptomatic remission) markers. This study presents the etiology of depression, the anatomical links between olfaction and depression, and a literature review of different olfactory markers of depression. Several studies have also shown that olfactory impairment affects the quality of life and that olfactory disorders can affect daily life and may be lead to depression. Thus, this study discusses the links between olfactory processing, depression, and quality of life. Finally, olfaction is an innovative research field that may constitute a new therapeutic tool for the treatment of depression.

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Reduced amount of olfactory receptor neurons in the rat model of depression

Cited by 29 publications

References 32 publications

The Effect of Early Maternal Separation Combined With Adolescent Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress on Behavior and Synaptic Plasticity in Adult Female Rats

The Effect of Early Maternal Separation Combined With Adolescent Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress on Behavior and Synaptic Plasticity in Adult Female Rats

Null Effect of Olfactory Training With Patients Suffering From Depressive Disorders—An Exploratory Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial

Depression, Olfaction, and Quality of Life: A Mutual Relationship

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