Reduced 2D form coherence and 3D structure from motion sensitivity in developmental dyscalculia

Castaldi, Elisa; Turi, Marco; Cicchini, Guido Marco; Gassama, Sahawanatou; Eger, Evelyn

doi:10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2021.108140

Cited by 7 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 107 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…For example, impairments in various domain-general executive functions, such as working memory, attention, and cognitive control has been reported in individuals with DD, even when manipulating non-numerical material ( Askenazi and Henik, 2010 , Szűcs et al, 2013 , Szűcs, 2016 ). Moreover, other studies found non-numerical impairments in individuals with DD even in very basic aspects of visual scene perception, such as lower symmetry and form perception sensitivity and enhanced visual crowding ( Szűcs et al, 2013 , Castaldi et al, 2020 , Castaldi et al, 2022 ). The current results are the first reporting that impairments in individuals with DD can extend also to categorization of non-numerical auditory stimuli, further reinforcing a more comprehensive view of DD.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Auditory time perception impairment in children with developmental dyscalculia

Castaldi,

Tinelli,

Filippo

et al. 2024

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 91%

Auditory time perception impairment in children with developmental dyscalculia

Castaldi,

Tinelli,

Filippo

et al. 2024

Research in Developmental Disabilities

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Our findings from Experiments 1–3 showing improved performance (higher accuracy and faster RTs) for shape compared to random configurations and also when the number of elements matched the number of shape vertices (i.e., 3 elements on a triangle compared to 4, 5, or 6 elements on a triangle) provide additional support for the idea that numerosity estimation around the subitizing range is facilitated by a shape-template matching mechanism which takes into account the relationship between points of maximum curvature or vertices [ 26 ]. Further support for this idea comes from a recent study showing that sensitivity to visual form (static Glass patterns) correlated with numerical abilities in individuals with developmental dyscalculia [ 30 ]. One might note that in Experiment 1 (colour), the effect of shape configuration (shape vs. random) for the triangle condition only was not found statistically significant.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Their findings indicate that shape coding precedes numerosity estimation, which implies that numerosity estimation around the subitizing range is facilitated by a shape-template matching process which takes into account the relationship between points of maximum curvature (or vertices). This idea received further support from studies showing that sensitivity to visual form (Glass patterns) can predict numerical abilities [ 30 ]. Previous studies of shape processing have shown that an inconsistency in local features, such as luminance polarity and orientation of elements that make up a shape, strongly disrupts the encoding of global shape for long straight lines [ 31 ], curves [ 32 , 33 ], radial-frequency patterns [ 34 , 35 ] and Glass patterns [ 36 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 96%

Spatial and chromatic properties of numerosity estimation in isolation and context

Gheorghiu

Goldschmitt

2022

PLoS ONE

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Numerosity estimation around the subitizing range is facilitated by a shape-template matching process and shape-coding mechanisms are selective to visual features such as colour and luminance contrast polarity. Objects in natural scenes are often embedded within other objects or textured surfaces. Numerosity estimation is improved when objects are grouped into small clusters of the same colour, a phenomenon termed groupitizing, which is thought to leverage on the subitizing system. Here we investigate whether numerosity mechanisms around the subitizing range are selective to colour, luminance contrast polarity and orientation, and how spatial organisation of context and target elements modulates target numerosity estimation. Stimuli consisted of a small number (3-to-6) of target elements presented either in isolation or embedded within context elements. To examine selectivity to colour, luminance polarity and orientation, we compared target-only conditions in which all elements were either the same or different along one of these feature dimensions. We found comparable performance in the same and different feature conditions, revealing that subitizing mechanism do not depend on ‘on-off’ luminance-polarity, colour or orientation channel interactions. We also measured the effect of varying spatial organisation of (i) context, by arranging the elements either in a grid, mirror-symmetric, translation-symmetric or random; (ii) target, by placing the elements either mirror-symmetric, on the vertices of simple shapes or random. Our results indicate higher accuracy and lower RTs in the grid compared to all other context types, with mirror symmetric, translation and random arrangements having comparable effects on target numerosity. We also found improved performance with shape-target followed by symmetric and random target arrangements in the absence and presence of context. These findings indicate that numerosity mechanisms around the subitizing range are not selective to colour, luminance polarity and orientation, and that symmetric, translation and random contexts organisations inhibit target-numerosity encoding stronger than regular/grid context.

show abstract

“…Evidence suggests that symmetric arrays of dots are underestimated compared to non-symmetric patterns of equal numerosity (Apthorp & Bell, 2015;Maldonado Moscoso, Anobile, Burr, Arrighi, & Castaldi, 2022), although the mechanism explaining this underestimation is still debated (see Discussion section). Additionally, a recent study reported that sensitivity to global visual form (static Glass patterns) is lower in individuals with developmental dyscalculia (Castaldi, Turi, Cicchini, Gassama, & Eger, 2022). However, while there is abundant evidence that spatial grouping cues bias ANS, little evidence is present in the literature about non-spatial grouping cues, such as grouping by similarity.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

One step beyond! The conjunction-bias between non-spatial (Color) and spatial Grouping cues over approximate number perception extends to Symmetry and Connectedness.

Adriano,

Ciccione,

Zhan

2023

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Humans and animals share the cognitive ability to quickly extract approximate number information from sets. Main psychophysical models suggest that approximate numerosity relies on segmented units, which can be affected by Gestalt rules. Indeed, arrays with spatial grouping cues, such as connectedness, closure, and even symmetry, are underestimated compared to ungrouped arrays with the same low-level features. Recent evidence suggests that also non-spatial cues, such as color-similarity, trigger numerosity underestimation. However, in natural vision, several grouping cues may coexist in the same stimulus. Notably, conjunction of grouping cues (e.g., color + closure) reduces perceived numerosity following an additive rule. Here we investigated the effect of two Gestalt cues, connectedness and symmetry, over numerosity perception both in isolation and, critically, in conjunction with color. Participants performed a comparison-task between a reference and a test stimulus varying in numerosity. In Experiment 1, test stimuli contained two isolated groupings (connectedness or color-similarity), a conjunction (connectedness and color-similarity), and a neutral condition (no groupings). We found that the point of subjective equality (PSE) was higher in both isolated grouping conditions compared to the neutral condition. Importantly, in the conjunction condition, the biases from single grouping cues added linearly, resulting in a numerosity underestimation equal to the sum of the isolated biases. In Experiment 2 we found that conjunction of symmetry & color followed the same rule. These findings strongly suggest that both spatial and non-spatial isolated cues affect numerosity perception. Crucially, we show that their conjunction-effect extends to Symmetry and Connectedness.

show abstract

Reduced 2D form coherence and 3D structure from motion sensitivity in developmental dyscalculia

Cited by 7 publications

References 107 publications

Auditory time perception impairment in children with developmental dyscalculia

Auditory time perception impairment in children with developmental dyscalculia

Spatial and chromatic properties of numerosity estimation in isolation and context

One step beyond! The conjunction-bias between non-spatial (Color) and spatial Grouping cues over approximate number perception extends to Symmetry and Connectedness.

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About