Redox Signaling in Widespread Health Benefits of Exercise

Louzada, Ruy A.; Bouvière, Jessica; Matta, Leonardo; Werneck-de-Castro, João Pedro; Dupuy, Corinne; Carvalho, Denise P.; Fortunato, Rodrigo S.

doi:10.1089/ars.2019.7949

Cited by 32 publications

(29 citation statements)

References 163 publications

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“…Physical exercise can activate redox-sensitive intracellular signaling pathways through ROS-related mechanisms in several tissues, leading to physiological modifications through both genomic and non-genomic mechanisms [ 38 ]. Since we observed that our exercise protocol resulted in increased ROS availability in retroperitoneal WAT, we analyzed if antioxidant and cytoprotective genes related to the activation of NRF2-KEAP1 pathway would be modulated ( Figure 6 ).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Several studies have shown that chronic exposure to exercise results in enhanced cytoprotection and antioxidant defenses in different tissues, such as skeletal muscle [ 10 ], heart [ 39 ], brain [ 40 ], and others [ 41 ]. This physiological adaptation is related to the induction of low levels of ROS in each single bout of exercise [ 38 ]. In WAT, there are several pieces of evidence showing that chronic exposure to aerobic exercise is linked to lipid storage reduction, fatty acid mobilization [ 42 ], improved mitochondrial function [ 43 ], decreased expression of inflammatory adipokines [ 20 ], and consequently modified WAT metabolism [ 44 ], and phenotype [ 45 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Redox Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Function of Rat White Adipose Tissue

Matta

Fonseca

Faria

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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Physical exercise is characterized by an increase in physical and metabolic demand in face of physical stress. It is reported that a single exercise session induces physiological responses through redox signaling to increase cellular function and energy support in diverse organs. However, little is known about the effect of a single bout of exercise on the redox homeostasis and cytoprotective gene expression of white adipose tissue (WAT). Thus, we aimed at evaluating the effects of acute aerobic exercise on WAT redox homeostasis, mitochondrial metabolism, and cytoprotective genic response. Male Wistar rats were submitted to a single moderate-high running session (treadmill) and were divided into five groups: control (CTRL, without exercise), and euthanized immediately (0 h), 30 min, 1 hour, or 2 hours after the end of the exercise session. NADPH oxidase activity was higher in 0 h and 30 min groups when compared to CTRL group. Extramitochondrial ROS production was higher in 0 h group in comparison to CTRL and 2 h groups. Mitochondrial respiration in phosphorylative state increased in 0 h group when compared to CTRL, 30 min, 1, and 2 h groups. On the other hand, mitochondrial ATP production was lower in 0 h in comparison to 30 min group, increasing in 1 and 2 h groups when compared to CTRL and 0 h groups. CAT activity was lower in all exercised groups when compared to CTRL. Regarding oxidative stress biomarkers, we observed a decrease in reduced thiol content in 0 h group compared to CTRL and 2 h groups, and higher levels of protein carbonylation in 0 and 30 min groups in comparison to the other groups. The levels returned to basal condition in 2 h group. Furthermore, aerobic exercise increased NRF2, GPX2, HMOX1, SOD1, and CAT mRNA levels. Taken together, our results suggest that one session of aerobic exercise can induce a transient prooxidative state in WAT, followed by an increase in antioxidant and cytoprotective gene expression.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Redox Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Function of Rat White Adipose Tissue

Matta

Fonseca

Faria

et al. 2021

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity

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“…The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha (PGC-1α) during exercise training is another transcription factor that is probably responsible for antioxidative effects of exercise training as a result of enhancing antioxidant defenses against exacerbated ROS generation [ 68 ]. In fact, each bout of exercise leads to an accumulation of PGC-1α through which these beneficial effects could be achieved.…”

Section: Impact Of Exercise Training On Oxidative Stress and Inflamentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Despite Possible Protective Effects of Exercise Training: A Review of the Literature

Taati

Arazi

2020

Antioxidants

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The prevalence of waterpipe tobacco smoking (WTS), which is also known as ghalyan, shisha or hookah, is increasing rapidly around the world, especially among youth. Growing interest in this form of tobacco smoking can be traced, in part, to the use of flavored tobacco products, social acceptability as a safer option than cigarettes, and its consideration as a relaxation method or entertainment. However, there is a well-established association between WTS and oxidative stress that causes irreversible chronic pathological conditions such as cardiovascular and respiratory problems, as well as different types of cancers, and thus increases the risk of mortality. Clearly, induction of inflammation status through increased reactive oxygen species (ROS), which in turn leads to oxidative stress and harm to lipids, DNA, and proteins, is the most plausible mechanism to explain the potential harmful effects of WTS. Unlike WTS, well-designed exercise training programs increase ROS to the extent that it is beneficial to the body. In this study, we aimed to review available evidence on the impact of exercise training on oxidative stress and inflammation status. We also summarize the effect of acute and chronic WTS on different exercise capacities.

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“…The beneficial effects of exercise are related to the activation of multiple integrated and occasionally redundant cellular signaling pathways, which occur in the muscle and in other tissues simultaneously [ 1 , 2 , 3 ]. Recent discoveries about the mechanisms by which a contracting muscle ‘‘communicates’’ with other organs are emerging as an exciting new field of research that reaffirms the essential importance of studies in exercise biology [ 3 ]. For a long time, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generated during exercise were believed to have deleterious effects on health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In addition, a rich understanding of responses and adaptation induced by exercise that are mediated by redox reaction have been outstandingly discussed [ 13 ]. Particularly, in our previous review [ 3 ], we discussed how contracting muscle communicates to the whole body to promote the widespread health benefits of exercise. We focused on metabolites, cytokines, and lipid peroxidation as the mechanisms by which exercise creates the ROS-rich environment in contracting and non-contracting cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Exercise-Stimulated ROS Sensitive Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle

et al. 2021

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Physical exercise represents a major challenge to whole-body homeostasis, provoking acute and adaptative responses at the cellular and systemic levels. Different sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) have been described in skeletal muscle (e.g., NADPH oxidases, xanthine oxidase, and mitochondria) and are closely related to the physiological changes induced by physical exercise through the modulation of several signaling pathways. Many signaling pathways that are regulated by exercise-induced ROS generation, such as adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAPK), nuclear respiratory factor2 (NRF2), and PGC-1α are involved in skeletal muscle responses to physical exercise, such as increased glucose uptake, mitochondriogenesis, and hypertrophy, among others. Most of these adaptations are blunted by antioxidants, revealing the crucial role played by ROS during and after physical exercise. When ROS generation is either insufficient or exacerbated, ROS-mediated signaling is disrupted, as well as physical exercise adaptations. Thus, an understanding the limit between “ROS that can promote beneficial effects” and “ROS that can promote harmful effects” is a challenging question in exercise biology. The identification of new mediators that cause reductive stress and thereby disrupt exercise-stimulated ROS signaling is a trending on this topic and are covered in this current review.

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Redox Signaling in Widespread Health Benefits of Exercise

Cited by 32 publications

References 163 publications

The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Redox Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Function of Rat White Adipose Tissue

The Effect of Acute Aerobic Exercise on Redox Homeostasis and Mitochondrial Function of Rat White Adipose Tissue

Oxidative Stress and Inflammation Induced by Waterpipe Tobacco Smoking Despite Possible Protective Effects of Exercise Training: A Review of the Literature

Exercise-Stimulated ROS Sensitive Signaling Pathways in Skeletal Muscle

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