Redox Regulation of the NOR Transcription Factor Is Involved in the Regulation of Fruit Ripening in Tomato

Jiang, Guoxiang; Zeng, Jing; Li, Zhiwei; Song, Yunbo; Yan, Huiling; He, Jun; Jiang, Yueming; Duan, Xuewu

doi:10.1104/pp.20.00070

Cited by 44 publications

(34 citation statements)

References 71 publications

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“…A negative regulator of transcription, NOR (non-ripening) was recently discovered in tomato, which prevents the transcription of ripening-related genes. The NOR protein is susceptible to post-translational regulation via methionine sulfoxidation (i.e., oxidative damage), causing a loss of DNA-binding capacity and thus enabling the transcription of ripening-related genes ( Jiang et al, 2020 ). Therefore, oxidative stress signals are involved in the initiation of ripening, and such a transcription factor could be explored in relation to grape berry oxidative stress and ripening.…”

Section: Potential Roles Of Ta In Grape Berries Based On Precursors Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

et al. 2021

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Tartaric acid (TA) is an obscure end point to the catabolism of ascorbic acid (Asc). Here, it is proposed as a “specialized primary metabolite”, originating from carbohydrate metabolism but with restricted distribution within the plant kingdom and lack of known function in primary metabolic pathways. Grapes fall into the list of high TA-accumulators, with biosynthesis occurring in both leaf and berry. Very little is known of the TA biosynthetic pathway enzymes in any plant species, although recently some progress has been made in this space. New technologies in grapevine research such as the development of global co-expression network analysis tools and genome-wide association studies, should enable more rapid progress. There is also a lack of information regarding roles for this organic acid in plant metabolism. Therefore this review aims to briefly summarize current knowledge about the key intermediates and enzymes of TA biosynthesis in grapes and the regulation of its precursor, ascorbate, followed by speculative discussion around the potential roles of TA based on current knowledge of Asc metabolism, TA biosynthetic enzymes and other aspects of fruit metabolism.

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Section: Potential Roles Of Ta In Grape Berries Based On Precursors Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

et al. 2021

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“…However, only a few potential proteins have been validated as Msr targets in organisms [ 25 , 26 , 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 , 33 , 34 , 35 , 36 , 37 ]. Recently, Jiang et al [ 49 ] found that E4/SlMsrB2 interacts with NON-RIPENING (NOR), an important ripening regulator, to regulate fruit ripening in tomato. In the present study, we verified using Y2H, BiFC, and pull-down assays that MaAPX1 interacted with MaMsrB2.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The oxidation of methionine in proteins suppresses or improves their function, which can be reversed by Msr-mediated reduction [ 35 , 36 , 78 ]. More recently, Jiang et al [ 49 ] reported that Met sulfoxidation in NOR, an important ripening-related transcriptional factor, or simulated sulfoxidation impairs its function in vitro, whereas E4 and SlMsrB2 partially reduce oxidized NOR and restore its function. Interestingly, methionine sulfoxidation in CaMKII activates its activity, whereas MsrA-mediated reduction of methionine sulfoxidation suppresses its activity in mice [ 29 ].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B Regulates the Activity of Ascorbate Peroxidase of Banana Fruit

et al. 2021

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Ascorbate peroxidase (APX) is a key antioxidant enzyme that is involved in diverse developmental and physiological process and stress responses by scavenging H2O2 in plants. APX itself is also subjected to multiple posttranslational modifications (PTMs). However, redox-mediated PTM of APX in plants remains poorly understood. Here, we identified and confirmed that MaAPX1 interacts with methionine sulfoxide reductase B2 (MsrB2) in bananas. Ectopic overexpression of MaAPX1 delays the detached leaf senescence induced by darkness in Arabidopsis. Sulfoxidation of MaAPX1, i.e., methionine oxidation, leads to loss of the activity, which is repaired partially by MaMsrB2. Moreover, mimicking sulfoxidation by mutating Met36 to Gln also decreases its activity in vitro and in vivo, whereas substitution of Met36 with Val36 to mimic the blocking of sulfoxidation has little effect on APX activity. Spectral analysis showed that mimicking sulfoxidation of Met36 hinders the formation of compound I, the first intermediate between APX and H2O2. Our findings demonstrate that the redox state of methionine in MaAPX1 is critical to its activity, and MaMsrB2 can regulate the redox state and activity of MaAPX1. Our results revealed a novel post-translational redox modification of APX.

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“…Site-directed mutations are essential for identifying the function sites of targeted genes and for studying the biological significance of single nucleotide variants (SNVs) or single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in plants (Angaji 2009 ; Henikoff and Comai 2003 ; Schilbert et al 2020 ). Compared to the time-consuming transgenic overexpression of mutated genes in the gene mutant (Jiang et al 2020a ), prime editing-mediated base substitution can conveniently create a site-directed mutation in plants. Based on this significant advantage, prime editing systems will revolutionize basic plant research by increasing the depth of research.…”

Section: New Genome Editing Systems Applied In Plantsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Advances in application of genome editing in tomato and recent development of genome editing technology

Xia

Cheng

et al. 2021

Theor Appl Genet

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Genome editing, a revolutionary technology in molecular biology and represented by the CRISPR/Cas9 system, has become widely used in plants for characterizing gene function and crop improvement. Tomato, serving as an excellent model plant for fruit biology research and making a substantial nutritional contribution to the human diet, is one of the most important applied plants for genome editing. Using CRISPR/Cas9-mediated targeted mutagenesis, the re-evaluation of tomato genes essential for fruit ripening highlights that several aspects of fruit ripening should be reconsidered. Genome editing has also been applied in tomato breeding for improving fruit yield and quality, increasing stress resistance, accelerating the domestication of wild tomato, and recently customizing tomato cultivars for urban agriculture. In addition, genome editing is continuously innovating, and several new genome editing systems such as the recent prime editing, a breakthrough in precise genome editing, have recently been applied in plants. In this review, these advances in application of genome editing in tomato and recent development of genome editing technology are summarized, and their leaving important enlightenment to plant research and precision plant breeding is also discussed.

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Redox Regulation of the NOR Transcription Factor Is Involved in the Regulation of Fruit Ripening in Tomato

Cited by 44 publications

References 71 publications

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

Biosynthesis and Cellular Functions of Tartaric Acid in Grapevines

Methionine Sulfoxide Reductase B Regulates the Activity of Ascorbate Peroxidase of Banana Fruit

Advances in application of genome editing in tomato and recent development of genome editing technology

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