Redox Regulation of Cancer Metastasis: Molecular Signaling and Therapeutic Opportunities

Abstract

Cancer metastasis is the major cause of cancer-related mortality. Accumulated evidence has shown that high-metastasis potential cancer cells have more reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation compared with low-metastasis potential cancer cells. ROS can function as second messengers to regulate multiple cancer metastasis-related signaling pathways via reversible oxidative posttranslational modifications of cysteine in key redox-sensitive proteins, which leads to the structural and functional change of these proteins. Because ROS can promote cancer metastasis, therapeutic strategies aiming at inducing/reducing cellular ROS level or targeting redox sensors involved in metastasis hold great potential in developing new efficient approaches for anticancer therapy. In this review, we summarize recent findings on regulation of tumor metastasis by key redox sensors and describe the potential of targeting redox signaling pathways for cancer therapy.

Loss of Merlin induces metabolomic adaptation that engages dependence on Hedgehog signaling

“…Cellular ROS has profound effects on intracellular signaling events and plays a protective role against apoptosis2122. Notably, oxidative stress activates Hh signaling and protects cells against apoptotic death by invoking PI-3-kinase-AKT-Bcl-2 signaling2324.…”

Changes in Functional Activity of Neutrophils in Peripheral Blood of Patients with Renal Cell Cancer in the Course of the Disease

“…Кроме того, повышен-ный интерес к «респираторному взрыву» связан с тем, что образующиеся радикалы кислорода могут в силу своей высокой химической активности повреждать внутрикле-точные структуры и быть индукторами и медиаторами апоптоза [12]. Также отмечают значимость высокоэнерге-тических оксидантов для процессов опухолевой инвазии и метастазирования [13,14].…”

Unraveling the Anticancer Effect of Curcumin and Resveratrol

“…Therefore, cellular pathways involved in metastasis have been extensively described as promising therapeutic target for a variety of cancers [136,137,138]. Metastasis is the spread and growth process of solid cancers cells from the original neoplasm to distant organs through several cellular mechanisms, such as angiogenesis, invasion and proliferation [139,140]. The process involved in metastasis is fairly complex and begins when primary cancer cells break away from their original tumor environmental and invade through the basement membrane reaching the circulation.…”