2012
DOI: 10.1002/ange.201202504
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Redox Reactions in Palladium Catalysis: On the Accelerating and/or Inhibiting Effects of Copper and Silver Salt Additives in Cross‐Coupling Chemistry Involving Electron‐rich Phosphine Ligands

Abstract: Ein Katalysezyklus wird in Frage gestellt: Pd0‐Katalysatoren werden durch Cu‐ und Ag‐Salze leicht oxidiert und ergeben zweikernige PdI‐Komplexe und CuI‐ oder AgI‐Cubane (siehe Schema). Die Reaktivitäten der erhaltenen PdI‐Dimere sind im Einklang mit Beobachtungen additiver Effekte in der Kreuzkupplungschemie. Die Ergebnisse deuten auf die mögliche Existenz alternativer Katalysezyklen über zweikernige PdI‐Komplexe anstelle der derzeit akzeptierten synergistischen Zyklen mit Pd0/PdII‐Komplexen und Cu oder Ag hin. Show more

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Cited by 29 publications
(9 citation statements)
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“…Other considerations that need to be taken into account, in particular when studying organometallic catalysis, include that the complexes frequently exist and interchange between different oxidation, coordination, and spin states, increasing the number of possibilities for study. [9] If the organometallic intermediates are in fact known, defining the conformational space of flexible molecules presents a challenge ( Figure 2). [10] Organocatalytic transformations often employ relatively large molecules as catalysts (e.g., peptide catalysts), and various low-energy conformations may potentially be reactive, which need to be exhaustively searched for and evaluated computationally ( Figure 2).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Other considerations that need to be taken into account, in particular when studying organometallic catalysis, include that the complexes frequently exist and interchange between different oxidation, coordination, and spin states, increasing the number of possibilities for study. [9] If the organometallic intermediates are in fact known, defining the conformational space of flexible molecules presents a challenge ( Figure 2). [10] Organocatalytic transformations often employ relatively large molecules as catalysts (e.g., peptide catalysts), and various low-energy conformations may potentially be reactive, which need to be exhaustively searched for and evaluated computationally ( Figure 2).…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[7] Indeed, the Pd I dimer 1 [8] has found use as efficient pre-catalyst in cross-coupling reactions ( Figure 1). [10] Its dinuclear Pd-Pd core remains intact in the presence of av ariety of nucleophiles,bases,a nd reaction conditions. [10] Its dinuclear Pd-Pd core remains intact in the presence of av ariety of nucleophiles,bases,a nd reaction conditions.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…[9] By contrast, the iodinated analogue 2 does not act as an efficient reservoir for Pd 0 . [10] Its dinuclear Pd-Pd core remains intact in the presence of av ariety of nucleophiles,bases,a nd reaction conditions. [11] Notably,w ef ound 2 to be completely stable to oxygen as asolid;ithas been stored in our labs on the bench for over three months without any observed decay to date.W ee nvisioned that these stability features make 2 an attractive candidate for exploring dinuclear Pd I catalysis.…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Die Barriere für die Gesamtreaktion ist jedoch höher als jene, die für [Pd(P t Bu 3 )] berechnet wurde, was ebenfalls gegen ein katalytisches Pd I ‐Monomer spricht. Die umgekehrte Reaktion wurde in einer früheren Arbeit dargelegt 9b. Bei der Verwendung von CuBr 2 oder AgBr in THF als Ein‐Elektronen‐Oxidationsmittel wurden die schnelle Umwandlung von 2 in 1 sowie die Bildung von stabilen kubischen Tetrameren [LMBr] 4 (M=Cu oder Ag) beobachtet.…”
Section: Methodsunclassified