Redox Chemistry Dominates the Degradation and Decomposition of Metal Halide Perovskite Optoelectronic Devices

Zhao, Lianfeng; Kerner, Ross A.; Xiao, Zhengguo; Lin, Yuehe; Lee, Kyung Min; Schwartz, Jeffrey; Rand, Barry P.

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.6b00320

Cited by 211 publications

(232 citation statements)

References 45 publications

(61 reference statements)

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“…It is reported that the HPbI 3 films show a hexagonal structure 20,34,36 . Upon increasing MACl content from 0 to 0.20, the low-angle peak around 11.7° shifts to a higher two theta value and the peak intensity increases significantly (Supplementary Fig.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules

et al. 2018

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Besides high efficiency, the stability and reproducibility of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are also key for their commercialization. Herein, we report a simple perovskite formation method to fabricate perovskite films with thickness over 1 μm in ambient condition on the basis of the fast gas−solid reaction of chlorine-incorporated hydrogen lead triiodide and methylamine gas. The resultant thick and smooth chlorine-incorporated perovskite films exhibit full coverage, improved crystallinity, low surface roughness and low thickness variation. The resultant PSCs achieve an average power conversion efficiency of 19.1 ± 0.4% with good reproducibility. Meanwhile, this method enables an active area efficiency of 15.3% for 5 cm × 5 cm solar modules. The un-encapsulated PSCs exhibit an excellent T80 lifetime exceeding 1600 h under continuous operation conditions in dry nitrogen environment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules

et al. 2018

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“…The adsorption of water or oxygen molecules onto perovskites is generally regarded as the source of crystal decomposition [25][26][27][28][29] . The separation of perovskite from moisture and oxygen via encapsulation can significantly improve the device stability 29 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Highly Oriented Low-Dimensional Tin Halide Perovskites with Enhanced Stability and Photovoltaic Performance

et al. 2017

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The low toxicity and a near-ideal choice of bandgap make tin perovskite an attractive alternative to lead perovskite in low cost solar cells. However, the development of Sn perovskite solar cells has been impeded by their extremely poor stability when exposed to oxygen. We report low-dimensional Sn perovskites that exhibit markedly enhanced air stability in comparison with their 3D counterparts. The reduced degradation under air exposure is attributed to the improved thermodynamic stability after dimensional reduction, the encapsulating organic ligands, and the compact perovskite film preventing oxygen ingress. We then explore these highly oriented low-dimensional Sn perovskite films in solar cells. The perpendicular growth of the perovskite domains between electrodes allows efficient charge carrier transport, leading to power conversion efficiencies of 5.94% without the requirement of further device structure engineering. We tracked the performance of unencapsulated devices over 100 h and found no appreciable decay in efficiency. These findings raise the prospects of pure Sn perovskites for solar cells application.

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“…2 The primary challenges with this material are concerns over the toxicity of lead, 3 and the limited photo-, thermo-and chemical stability in the presence of moist air. 4,5 As a result, many researchers are interested in finding lead-free alternatives. A wide variety of materials have recently been explored for photovoltaics.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Perovskite-Inspired Photovoltaic Materials: Toward Best Practices in Materials Characterization and Calculations

et al. 2017

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ABSTRACT:Recently, there has been an explosive growth in research based on hybrid lead-halide perovskites for photovoltaics owing to rapid improvements in efficiency. The advent of these materials for solar applications has led to widespread interest in understanding the key enabling properties of these materials. This has resulted in renewed interest in related compounds and a search for materials that may replicate the defect-tolerant properties and long lifetimes of the hybrid lead-halide perovskites. Given the rapid pace of development of the field, the rises in efficiencies of these systems have outpaced the more basic understanding of these materials. Measuring or calculating the basic properties, such as crystal/electronic structure and composition, can be challenging because some of these materials have anisotropic structures, and/or are composed of both heavy metal cations and volatile, mobile, light elements. Some consequences are beam damage during characterization, composition change under vacuum, or compound effects, such as the alteration of the electronic structure through the influence of the substrate. These effects make it challenging to understand the basic properties integral to optoelectronic operation. Compounding these difficulties is the rapid pace with which the field progresses. This has created an ongoing need to continually evaluate best practices with respect to characterization and calculations, as well as to identify inconsistencies in reported values to determine if those inconsistencies are rooted in characterization methodology or materials synthesis. This article describes the difficulties in characterizing hybrid lead-halide perovskites and new materials, and how these challenges may be overcome. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 2 challenges discussed. The focus in this article is on crystallography, composition measurements, photoemission spectroscopy and calculations on perovskites and new, related absorbers. We suggest how some of the important artifacts could be avoided and how the reporting for each technique could be streamlined between groups to ensure reproducibility as the field progresses.

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Redox Chemistry Dominates the Degradation and Decomposition of Metal Halide Perovskite Optoelectronic Devices

Cited by 211 publications

References 45 publications

Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules

Gas-solid reaction based over one-micrometer thick stable perovskite films for efficient solar cells and modules

Highly Oriented Low-Dimensional Tin Halide Perovskites with Enhanced Stability and Photovoltaic Performance

Perovskite-Inspired Photovoltaic Materials: Toward Best Practices in Materials Characterization and Calculations

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