Redox-active polymer-nanoparticle hybrid materials

Watson, Keith J.; Zhu, Jin; Nguyen, SonBinh T.; Mirkin, Chad A.

doi:10.1351/pac200072010067

Cited by 31 publications

(17 citation statements)

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“…Many advanced optoelectronic and sensor devices are based on the fabrication of these materials. [270][271][272][273] Because of their high surface free energy, nanoparticles tend to agglomerate. Again, a key challenge for a potential technological use is the achievement of homogeneous dispersion of the thermodynamically unstable nanoparticles.…”

Section: New and Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinitiated Polymerization: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

2010

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The use of photoinitiated polymerization is continuously growing in industry as reflected by the large number of applications in not only conventional areas such as coatings, inks, and adhesives but also high-tech domains, optoelectronics, laser imaging, stereolithography, and nanotechnology. In this Perspective, the latest developments in photoinitiating systems for free radical and cationic polymerizations are presented. The potential use of photochemical methods for step-growth polymerization is also highlighted. The goal is, furthermore, to show approaches to overcome problems associated with the efficiency, wavelength flexibility, and environmental and safety issues in all photoinitiating systems for different modes of activation. Much progress has been made in the past 10 years in the preparation of complex and nanostructured macromolecules by using photoinitiated polymerizations. Thus, the new and emerging applications of photoinitiated polymerizations in the field of biomaterials, surface modification, preparation of block and graft copolymers, and nanocomposites have been addressed.

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Section: New and Emerging Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Photoinitiated Polymerization: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

2010

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“…These inorganic-organic nano particles with tailored physical properties have potential application in the fields of molecular level electronic and photovoltaic devices [18] [19], catalysis, molecular diagnostics and interfacial electron transfer [20].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Synthesis and Characterization of CdS, ZnS and CdZnS Nanoparticles Embedded in Polystyrene

Akinwunmi¹,

Egharevba²,

Ajayi

2014

JMP

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The nano dispersions (colloids) of Cadmium Sulfide, Zinc Sulfide and Cadmium Zinc Sulfide were prepared by modified metathesis reaction between CdCl 2 , ZnCl 2 and Na 2 S. The prepared sulfides were embedded in polystyrene to form nano-composites. The size, morphology and composition of the nanoparticles on the surface of the composites were examined by using UV/VIS Spectroscopy, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscopy (HRTEM), Energy Dispersive Spectroscopy (EDS) and Particle Induced X-ray Emission (PIXE). The UV-spectrum shows a shift in the band gap towards high energy while the High Resolution Transmission Electron Microscope (HRTEM) analysis shows well resolved nanoparticles with particle sizes between 2-10 nm. The SEM shows that the nanoparticles are in form of nano clusters. The blue shift of the absorption band makes it possible to evaluate the size of the nanocrystallites, which is in agreement with that obtained from HRTEM. The composition as revealed by the EDS shows that the ratios of Cd:S, Zn:S and Cd:Zn:S are approximately 23:20, 58:42 and 32:35:33, respectively. The PIXE spectra confirmed the presence of expected elements and also reveal the presence of impurities.

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“…Many advanced optoelectronic and sensor devices are based on the fabrication of these materials. [71][72][73][74] Because of their high surface-free energy, nanoparticles tend to agglomerate. Again, a key challenge for a potential technological use is the achievement of homogeneous dispersion of the thermodynamically unstable nanoparticles.…”

Section: Metal/polymer Nanocomposites By Photochemical Processesmentioning

confidence: 99%

New photoinitiating systems designed for polymer/inorganic hybrid nanocoatings

Yaǧcı

2009

J Coat Technol Res

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Conventional UV-curable formulations consist of photoinitiators, multifunctional monomers and oligomers, reactive diluents, pigments, and additives. While photoinitiators are the key components of the formulations and responsible for the absorption of light and relevant performances (e.g., cure speed, highpercent conversion, etc.), the final properties of the cured coating are governed by the other high-volume components. With recent advances in the use of nanomaterials like metals, metal oxides, and silicates in coatings, it is now possible to prepare nanocoatings with enhanced physical, chemical, and biological properties. This is due, in part, to the difference in surface area per unit of volume at the nanoscale. Nanocoatings are usually prepared by UV irradiation of formulations containing dispersed nanoparticles. However, the homogeneous dispersion of these nanoparticles is a key challenge due to their easy agglomeration arising from their high surface-free energy. It is often difficult to obtain well-dispersed formulations providing good transmission of light for a complete cure. In this article, we report several synthetic methodologies for the preparation of epoxy and (meth)acrylate-based nanocoatings containing clay or metal nanoparticles. In the former case, photolysis of intercalated photoinitiator within the layers of montmorillonite clay in the presence of monomers resulted in the in situ formation of exfoliated structures. For the preparation of metal nanocoatings, the formation of silver or gold nanoparticles and crosslinking are accomplished simultaneously by photoinduced electron transfer and polymerization processes. The nanoparticles are homogenously distributed in the network without macroscopic agglomeration. Applicability to both free radical and cationic systems is demonstrated. Moreover, a novel photochemical route for grafting from the self-assembled monolayers on gold is presented.

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Redox-active polymer-nanoparticle hybrid materials

Cited by 31 publications

References 0 publications

Photoinitiated Polymerization: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

Photoinitiated Polymerization: Advances, Challenges, and Opportunities

Synthesis and Characterization of CdS, ZnS and CdZnS Nanoparticles Embedded in Polystyrene

New photoinitiating systems designed for polymer/inorganic hybrid nanocoatings

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