Rediscovering the small theatre and amphitheatre of ancient Ierapytna (SE Crete) by integrated geophysical methods

Papadopoulos, Nikos; Sarris, Apostolos; Salvi, Maria Cristina; Déderix, Sylviane; Soupios, Pantelis; Dikmen, Ünal

doi:10.1016/j.jas.2012.01.044

Cited by 19 publications

(24 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…In other cases, changes in the reflectivity or clusters of anomalies have been used in order to define monumental structures (e.g. Papadopoulos et al, 2002), or, at an intermediate scale, the potential presence of archaeological features can be detected through amplitude grid maps (e.g. Lasaponara et al, 2014).…”

Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical and Archaeological Characterization of a Modest Roman Villa: Methodological Considerations about Progressive Feedback Analyses in Sites with Low Geophysical Contrast

Anchuela

Blasco

Benito

et al. 2015

Archaeological Prospection

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The low contrast in physical properties of archaeological elements compared to the host soil is a common drawback in geophysical surveys applied to subtle archaeological sites because those contrasts are usually what are being measured by most instruments. Furthermore, when archaeological elements and construction remains are placed within the same package of materials, differentiation of each can make the interpretation of geophysical data sometimes difficult. In this work we propose a dynamic, integrated approach for the characterization of an archaeological site with simple Roman construction materials in order to evaluate methodological considerations in the evaluation of this kind of sites. This approach includes: (i) a preliminary evaluation of construction material characteristics, according to the background provided by the historical and geographical context and from previous excavations, (ii) measurements of magnetic susceptibility of archaeological and natural materials in the site for direct modelling of the expected anomalies; (iii) a geophysical survey including magnetometry, multifrequency electromagnetic (EM) method and ground penetrating radar (GPR) (100, 250 and 500 MHz centre frequency antennas); (iv) geophysical data evaluation for planning subsequent systematic surveys; (v) dynamic interpretation of geophysical results through careful data evaluation of all previous steps. The final archaeological model from geophysical data has been successful due to the manner of data interpretation looking for orthogonal patterns of geophysical anomalies that were hypothesized to be subsurface walls. Modelling was then followed by archaeological excavations consisting of three trenches where the walls were exposed. The integration of geophysical data with excavations has permitted to evaluate significance of the different geophysical analysis and to identify their archaeological meaning. The proposed sequential methodology represents an innovative manner of analysis (i) in subtle sites where construction remains are scarce and the absence of well‐defined geophysical contrasts can limit the results of usual surveys and (ii) to increase the efficiency in the evaluation of more extensive survey areas. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Interpretation and Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Geophysical and Archaeological Characterization of a Modest Roman Villa: Methodological Considerations about Progressive Feedback Analyses in Sites with Low Geophysical Contrast

Anchuela

Blasco

Benito

et al. 2015

Archaeological Prospection

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“…In here, it cannot ignore that geophysical methods are non-destructive for the ancient structure. Bearing these in mind, these days, geophysical techniques are frequently used in the investigation of archeological sites (Leucci and Negri 2006;Negri et al 2008;Tsokas et al 2009;Drahor et al 2011;Papadopoulos et al 2012).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Electrical resistivity method is frequently used in studies that the image or map of underground in the archeological sites obtained via electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) (Drahor et al 2008;Negri et al 2008;Papadopoulos et al 2012;Diamanti et al 2013). The method is quite suitable for the determination of the walls, cavities, and illumination of other structures in archeological areas.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Investigation of structures in the Alabanda Bouleuterion by electrical resistivity method

2016

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The workspace as Bouleuterion (parliament house) is located in the ancient city of Alabanda far approximately 7 km from Aydin, Çine. The works on the city plan are still continued by the Department of Archeology in Adnan Menderes University. In this work, a geophysical study based on electrical resistivity tomography (ERT) approach is used to bring out the existence of the buried structures and situations of ruins in Bouleuterion. This study is a good example of implementation of the electrical resistivity method to the archeology in a specific area (Bouleuterion). Furthermore, the paper shows to researchers practically advantages and disadvantages of Wenner and dipoledipole arrays that widely used in archeological prospection. Also with this work, a Bouleuterion has been subject of a geophysical article for the first time. By archeology and geophysics evaluations, it is proved that these ruins such as the cavea, stage, orchestra, and entrances are parts of the Bouleuterion.

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“…The use of geophysical methods to detect buried ruins in the archaeological investigation has been widely reported. Geophysical technologies are applied for guiding excavation (Capizzi et al 2007;Forte and Pipan 2008;Porsani, Jangelme, and Kipnis 2010;Sarris et al 2013;Zananiri, Hademenos, and Piteros 2010) and for analysing larger layout of a site by extending the mapping of ruins that have already been excavated (Bossuet et al 2012;Gaffney et al 2000;Seren et al 2004;Utsi 2010;Verdonck et al 2012) and capturing the integrity degree of standing monuments (Masini, Persico, and Rizzo 2010;Nuzzo and Quarta 2012;Papadopoulos et al 2012). Compared with traditional excavation, which would be time consuming and would possibly cause damage to the existing topography and ruins within the study area, geophysical technologies provide an efficient and non-destructive tool.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Magnetic gradient and ground penetrating radar prospecting of buried earthen archaeological remains at the Qocho City site in Turpan, China

Shi

Tang

Hobbs

et al. 2015

Near Surface Geophysics

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In order to test the ability of geophysical technologies to detect buried structures made of mud brick and rammed earth, a geophysical survey was acquired at Qocho City site of China in 2012 using magnetic gradient and ground penetrating radar (GPR). Magnetic anomalies were interpreted as the response of house wall foundations, pits, and a temple base by reference to archaeological results from a neighbouring excavation area. The magnetic data were complemented by 2D ground penetrating radar profiles, which provided additional information on the depth of these causative structures. An archaeological survey dated 1913 reported the layout of three houses that have since been largely razed to the ground in the study area. Our geophysical survey confirmed the locations of two houses. This study shows that magnetic and ground penetrating radar methods are valuable tools to detect buried earthen archaeological remains in a dry environment.

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Rediscovering the small theatre and amphitheatre of ancient Ierapytna (SE Crete) by integrated geophysical methods

Cited by 19 publications

References 18 publications

Geophysical and Archaeological Characterization of a Modest Roman Villa: Methodological Considerations about Progressive Feedback Analyses in Sites with Low Geophysical Contrast

Geophysical and Archaeological Characterization of a Modest Roman Villa: Methodological Considerations about Progressive Feedback Analyses in Sites with Low Geophysical Contrast

Investigation of structures in the Alabanda Bouleuterion by electrical resistivity method

Magnetic gradient and ground penetrating radar prospecting of buried earthen archaeological remains at the Qocho City site in Turpan, China

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