Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Fink, Max

doi:10.1111/acps.12038

Cited by 179 publications

(148 citation statements)

References 191 publications

(251 reference statements)

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“…Catatonia is a cyclic course syndrome characterized by alterations in motor, vocal and behavioral signs, generally occurring in the context of various medical and neuropsychiatric conditions [1][2][3]. This syndrome, firstly described by Kahlbaum as a separate disorder [4], was subsequently incorporated by Kraepelin in the equation of 'catatonia = schizophrenia' leading to decades of misconception that all catatonic symptoms indicated schizophrenia [1].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This syndrome, firstly described by Kahlbaum as a separate disorder [4], was subsequently incorporated by Kraepelin in the equation of 'catatonia = schizophrenia' leading to decades of misconception that all catatonic symptoms indicated schizophrenia [1]. Currently, prevalence estimates of catatonia in psychiatric populations range from 0.6 % for adolescents, to between 6.9 % and 10 % for adult psychiatric inpatients [5][6][7].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Catatonia in Patients with Autism: Prevalence and Management

et al. 2014

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Although recent studies have shown that catatonia can occur in patients with autism spectrum disorders (ASDs), the overlap of the behavioral features between these disorders raises many diagnostic challenges. In fact, in clinical practice it is common to misinterpret catatonic symptoms, including mutism, stereotypic speech, repetitive behaviors, echolalia, posturing, mannerisms, purposeless agitation and rigidity, as features of ASDs. The current medical treatment algorithm for catatonia in ASDs recommends the use of benzodiazepines. Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is indicated when patients are unresponsive, or insufficiently responsive, to benzodiazepines. Other pharmacological options are also described for the treatment of catatonic patients resistant to benzodiazepines and ECT, and there is evidence for the effectiveness of a psychological treatment, co-occurring with medical treatments, in order to support the management of these patients. In this article we provide a summary of studies exploring catatonia in ASDs and our clinical experience in the management and treatment of this syndrome through the presentation of three brief case studies. Moreover, we review the mechanisms underlying symptoms of catatonia in ASDs, as well as the diagnostic challenges, providing an outline for the management and treatment of this syndrome in this clinical population.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Catatonia in Patients with Autism: Prevalence and Management

et al. 2014

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“…Le DSM-4 s'oriente ainsi vers l'autonomisation du syndrome catatonique, qui se confirme aujourd'hui dans le DSM-5. Cependant, l'impact de ces publications reste extrêmement faible sur les pratiques, et l'efficacité des benzodiazépines, bien que recommandées en première intention dans cette indication, reste mal connue [6,13]. …”

Section: Les éTudes éPidémiologiquesunclassified

“…Les difficultés autour du syndrome catatonique semblent être la conséquence d'une histoire complexe marquée par des malentendus et des points de vue et définitions variables selon les auteurs. Le syndrome catatonique est actuellement considéré comme un syndrome clinique transnosographique [13,15]. Il s'agit d'un syndrome psychiatrique, caractérisé principalement par des signes moteurs associés à des signes comportementaux et neurovégétatifs [20].…”

Section: Introductionunclassified

Sémiologie du syndrome catatonique

Quilès¹,

Amad²,

Micoulaud-Franchi³

et al. 2017

Annales Médico-psychologiques, revue psychiatrique

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“…Over time, reduced motor activity, markedly restricted social interactions and minimal to absent behavioural initiative and emotional responsivity become most prominent, a cluster of symptoms that meets the criteria for the syndrome of apathy. This constellation of motor and emotional features may easily be misdiagnosed as either mood disorder [73] or catatonia [74]. It is understandable, therefore, that treatment with antidepressants or benzodiazepines cannot be effective.…”

Section: Q2131 Microdeletion Syndrome (Koolen-de Vries Syndrome; Omentioning

confidence: 99%

Aetiology Based Diagnosis and Treatment Selection in Intellectually Disabled People with Challenging Behaviours

Verhoeven¹,

Egger

2014

J. Intellect. Disabl. Diagn. Treat.

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Since both intellectual disability and challenging behaviour are entities encompassing heterogeneous clinical conditions and current taxonomies are of limited use in this field of psychiatry, diagnosing psychiatric symptoms in intellectually disabled patients is still very complex. In the diagnostic process of psychiatric symptoms and behavioural abnormalities, the first step should be genome profiling using the latest techniques in order to detect pathogenic CNVs or single gene mutations that are causative for the developmental delay. Their importance can be derived from the scientific observation that several genetic syndromes are associated with a specific behavioural, psychiatric, neuropsychological or neurological symptom profile, relevant for both choice of treatment and prognosis. Second, it has to be stressed that psychiatric disorders, especially from the depression and anxiety spectrum, frequently manifest with atypical symptoms that may hamper adequate pharmacological treatment. With respect to challenging behaviours in general, it should be emphasized that these are essentially dependent on contextual variables for which no rational pharmacological treatment is available and behavioural interventions are primarily warranted. Prescription of psychotropics has been demonstrated to be marginally effective only and to induce regularly unwanted side effects or even an increase of abnormal behaviours. It is therefore recommended to measure always the plasma concentration of psychotropics and antiepileptics and to perform, preferably prior to the start of treatment, genotyping of relevant cytochrome isoenzymes.In is concluded that, apart from the a priori genetic analysis, careful investigation of the here described data sources is needed to formulate a diagnostic hypothesis and treatment proposal.

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Rediscovering catatonia: the biography of a treatable syndrome

Cited by 179 publications

References 191 publications

Catatonia in Patients with Autism: Prevalence and Management

Catatonia in Patients with Autism: Prevalence and Management

Sémiologie du syndrome catatonique

Aetiology Based Diagnosis and Treatment Selection in Intellectually Disabled People with Challenging Behaviours

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