Redesigning the Longitudinal Business Database

Chow, Melissa C.; Fort, Teresa C.; Goetz, Christopher F.; Goldschlag, Nathan; Perlman, Elisabeth Ruth; Stinson, Martha; White, Kirk

doi:10.2139/ssrn.3851842

Cited by 4 publications

(4 citation statements)

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“…Approximately 583,000 firms responded to the survey, 573,000 of which were linked to the LBD. The LBD is curated by Census to provide a comprehensive panel of microdata on employment, revenue, and payroll for the private nonfarm economy (Chow et al, 2021). The LBD tracks firms from their birth as an employer to death, accounting for mergers and acquisitions.…”

Section: Baseline Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

AI adoption in America: Who, what, and where

McElheran,

Li,

Brynjolfsson

et al. 2024

Economics Manag Strategy

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We study the early adoption and diffusion of five artificial intelligence (AI)‐related technologies (automated‐guided vehicles, machine learning, machine vision, natural language processing, and voice recognition) as documented in the 2018 Annual Business Survey of 850,000 firms across the United States. We find that fewer than 6% of firms used any of the AI‐related technologies we measure, though most very large firms reported at least some AI use. Weighted by employment, average adoption was just over 18%. AI use in production, while varying considerably by industry, was found in every sector of the economy and clustered with emerging technologies, such as cloud computing and robotics. Among dynamic young firms, AI use was highest alongside more‐educated, more‐experienced, and younger owners, including owners motivated by bringing new ideas to market or helping the community. AI adoption was also more common in startups displaying indicators of high‐growth entrepreneurship, including venture capital funding, recent product and process innovation, and growth‐oriented business strategies. Early AI adoption was far from evenly distributed: a handful of “superstar” cities and emerging hubs led startups' adoption of AI. These patterns of early AI use foreshadow economic and social impacts far beyond this limited initial diffusion, with the possibility of a growing “AI divide” if early patterns persist.

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Section: Baseline Samplementioning

confidence: 99%

AI adoption in America: Who, what, and where

McElheran,

Li,

Brynjolfsson

et al. 2024

Economics Manag Strategy

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“…To address the effects of the ASM's sample design, we construct propensity score weights using the Longitudinal Business Database (LBD). See Chow et al (2021) and Jarmin and Miranda (2002) for more details about the LBD. The propensity score weights are constructed from a logistic regression in which we model the relationship between establishment characteristics and the probability that an establishment is selected into the ASM.…”

Section: B2 Establishment Characteristics and The Probability Of Sele...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…9 Data are imputed for establishments that do not respond or that fail to report some data elements (item non-response); we discuss this further in Section 2.3. The LBD is a longitudinally linked version of the Census Bureau's Business Register that covers the non-agricultural employer universe of business establishments (see Jarmin and Miranda, 2002;Chow et al, 2021). The LBD provides us with both high-quality longitudinal links and information on the universe of manufacturing establishments, which we use to construct the inverse propensity score weights (IPW) that we use in our productivity calculations.…”

Section: Establishment-level Productivity Using Census Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Dispersion in Dispersion: Measuring Establishment‐Level Differences in Productivity

Cunningham

Foster

Grim

et al. 2022

Review of Income and Wealth

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Any opinions expressed in this paper are those of the author(s) and not those of IZA. Research published in this series may include views on policy, but IZA takes no institutional policy positions. The IZA research network is committed to the IZA Guiding Principles of Research Integrity. The IZA Institute of Labor Economics is an independent economic research institute that conducts research in labor economics and offers evidence-based policy advice on labor market issues. Supported by the Deutsche Post Foundation, IZA runs the world's largest network of economists, whose research aims to provide answers to the global labor market challenges of our time. Our key objective is to build bridges between academic research, policymakers and society. IZA Discussion Papers often represent preliminary work and are circulated to encourage discussion. Citation of such a paper should account for its provisional character. A revised version may be available directly from the author.

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“…8 The CM collects data from all manufacturing establishments, except those that are very small, every five years, in years ending in "2" and "7." The LBD is a longitudinally-linked version of the Census Bureau's Business Register (see Chow et al (2021)). It provides high-quality longitudinal links and information on the universe of manufacturing establishments.…”

Section: Background and Conceptual Frameworkmentioning

confidence: 99%