Redefining the Centre: The Emergence of State in Judah

Herzog, Ze’ev; Singer-Avitz, Lily

doi:10.1179/033443504788913143

Cited by 11 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…This study focuses on the wave of settlement in the early Iron IIA (late 10th to early 9th centuries BCE, hereafter described simply as ''Iron Age''; for the identification of this ceramic phase see Herzog and Singer-Avitz, 2004). About 400 Iron Age sites have been recorded in the Negev Highlands (e.g., Haiman, 1994;Cohen and Cohen-Amin, 2004), and a relatively large number of them (ca.…”

Section: Archaeological Background To the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Subsistence practices in an arid environment: a geoarchaeological investigation in an Iron Age site, the Negev Highlands, Israel

Shahack‐Gross

Finkelstein

2008

Journal of Archaeological Science

123

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Section: Archaeological Background To the Problemmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The pottery from Atar Haroa dates to the early Iron Age IIA phase of the ceramic sequence in southern Israel (cf., Cohen, 1970 and see Herzog and Singer-Avitz, 2004). Two date palm pits collected from the gray deposit, one from each room, were AMS dated.…”

Section: Macro-stratigraphymentioning

confidence: 99%

Subsistence practices in an arid environment: a geoarchaeological investigation in an Iron Age site, the Negev Highlands, Israel

Shahack‐Gross

Finkelstein

2008

Journal of Archaeological Science

123

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“…We cannot repeat the debate here in any detail, but for our purposes we may note that among the main challenges to the historical plausibility of such a kingdom is the absence of fortifications, public works and any evidence for statehood or state apparatus in the region of Judah-the core of the supposed kingdom-before the 9th century BCE, or even later (Jamieson-Drake 1991; Finkelstein and Silberman 2001;Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2004;Ussishkin 2008;Finkelstein and Piasetzky 2011). Some suggested that ashlar stones-an indication of high quality construction-were not found in this region before the late 8th century BCE.…”

Section: Tel 'Eton In the 10th Century Bce The Earliest Evidence Formentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The insights gained from the study of the "governor's residency" at Tel 'Eton should serve as a cautionary note against the argument that the lack or rarity of finds from some phases within the Iron Age in Judah indicate that there was no substantial social complexity in these epochs (and hence that there was no United Monarchy or that Judah became a full-blown state only in the Iron Age IIB, e.g., Jamieson-Drake 1991; Finkelstein 1996Finkelstein , 1999Finkelstein and Silberman 2001;Herzog and Singer-Avitz 2004). While the absence of evidence can (and should) sometimes serve as evidence (e.g., Stephens 2011; see also Faust 2006, for example, pp.…”

Section: The Long Lives Of Houses and Strata: The Old-house Effect Anmentioning

confidence: 99%

The “Governor’s Residency” at Tel ‘Eton, The United Monarchy, and the Impact of the Old-House Effect on Large-Scale Archaeological Reconstructions

Faust¹,

Sapir²

2018

Radiocarbon

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ABSTRACT. The "governor's residency" at Tel 'Eton was destroyed in the late 8th century BCE in an Assyrian military campaign. While the numerous finds enable a detailed reconstruction of life on the eve of the destruction, this elite house was cleaned continuously, and since no floor raisings were identified, little was known of the building's period of use. Radiocarbon ( 14 C) samples taken from within a foundation deposit and from the floor make-up, however, indicate that the earliest phase of the residency was built in the late 11th-10th century BCE. This has bearings on the date in which social complexity evolved in Judah, on the debate regarding the historicity of the kingdom of David and Solomon, and it also provides the earliest date for the use of ashlar stones in Judah. Finally, the long life of the "governor's residency" exemplifies a little addressed phenomenon-the old-house effect-in which buildings and settlements existed for a few centuries, but only left significant remains from their last phase. The earlier phases are hardly represented in the finds, barely studied, and rarely published. We suggest that the old-house effect influences archaeological interpretations worldwide, and is also responsible for recent attempts to down-date social complexity in Judah.

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“…Correlation with Iron IIA sites in the south is more complex. Regarding Judah, Herzog and Singer-Avitz (2004) suggested lately that the horizon hitherto regarded there as late Iron I be termed "early Iron IIA." This horizon probably corresponds to our transitional horizon, and their "later Iron IIA" probably parallels our Iron IIA.…”

Section: Relative Periodization Of the Iron Age I-iia In Israelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Report on the First Stage of the Iron Age Dating Project in Israel: Supporting a Low Chronology

et al. 2007

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ABSTRACT. The traditional chronology of ancient Israel in the 11th-9th centuries BCE was constructed mainly by correlating archaeological phenomena with biblical narratives and with Bible-derived chronology. The chronology of Cyprus and Greece, and hence of points further west, are in turn based on that of the Levant. Thus, a newly proposed chronology, about 75-100 yr lower than the conventional one, bears crucial implications not only for biblical history and historiography but also for cultural processes around the Mediterranean. A comprehensive radiocarbon program was initiated to try and resolve this dilemma. It involves several hundreds of measurements from 21 sites in Israel. Creating the extensive databases necessary for the resolution of tight chronological problems typical of historical periods involves issues of quality control, statistical treatment, modeling, and robustness analysis. The results of the first phase of the dating program favor the new, lower chronology.

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Redefining the Centre: The Emergence of State in Judah

Cited by 11 publications

References 12 publications

Subsistence practices in an arid environment: a geoarchaeological investigation in an Iron Age site, the Negev Highlands, Israel

Subsistence practices in an arid environment: a geoarchaeological investigation in an Iron Age site, the Negev Highlands, Israel

The “Governor’s Residency” at Tel ‘Eton, The United Monarchy, and the Impact of the Old-House Effect on Large-Scale Archaeological Reconstructions

Report on the First Stage of the Iron Age Dating Project in Israel: Supporting a Low Chronology

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