Red wines and flavonoids diminishStaphylococcus aureusvirulence with anti-biofilm and anti-hemolytic activities

Abstract

The emergence of antibiotic resistant Staphylococcus aureus presents a worldwide problem that requires non-antibiotic strategies. This study investigated the anti-biofilm and anti-hemolytic activities of four red wines and two white wines against three S. aureus strains. All red wines at 0.5-2% significantly inhibited S. aureus biofilm formation and hemolysis by S. aureus, whereas the two white wines had no effect. Furthermore, at these concentrations, red wines did not affect bacterial growth. Analyses of hemolysis and active component identification in red wines revealed that the anti-biofilm compounds and anti-hemolytic compounds largely responsible were tannic acid, trans-resveratrol, and several flavonoids. In addition, red wines attenuated S. aureus virulence in vivo in the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans, which is killed by S. aureus. These findings show that red wines and their compounds warrant further attention in antivirulence strategies against persistent S. aureus infection.

Combating Biofilm Associated Infection In Vivo: Integration of Quorum Sensing Inhibition and Photodynamic Treatment based on Multidrug Delivered Hollow Carbon Nitride Sphere

“…Luteolin, a kind of edible polyphenolic flavonoid, has been proved the antimicrobial effect against MRSA by interfering with QS. [5g,17] It repressed expression of the accessory gene regulator ( agr ) locus, which encode one of S. aureus QS systems . We investigated the transcription of agrA in MRSA by RT‐PCR experiments ( Figure A and Figure S7, Supporting Information).…”

Plant Phenolics and Phenolic-Enriched Extracts as Antimicrobial Agents against Food-Contaminating Microorganisms

“…It was also shown that methanol extract from pomegranate, rich in ellagic acid, inhibited the biofilm formation of S. aureus, MRSA, E. coli and C. albicans [124]. Red wines, extensively recognized for their high flavonoid (e.g., quercetin, kaempferol, apigenin, chrysin, fisetin and luteolin) and stilbenoid (e.g., trans-resveratrol) content have proven to be potent inhibitor of S. aureus biofilms [127]. Among the compounds tested, the quercetin exhibited the highest biofilm inhibitory potential.…”

Development of gold nanoparticles coated with silica containing the antibiofilm drug cinnamaldehyde and their effects on pathogenic bacteria

“…CNMA acts as a quorum sensing inhibitor and probably interferes with the cellular processes of S. aureus, including swarming motility, and might possibly affect the bacterial dissemination in the host. 30,55 Additionally, the prolonged survival rates of the nematodes shown in Figure 5 indicate that CNMA-GNPs have no significant biological toxicity under a long incubation period. The observed no toxicity of CNMA-GNPs prominently suggested that the silica coating does not allow the biological system of the nematode to interact with nanoparticle core directly, thus resulting less toxicity.…”

“…30 In addition, biofilm formation by both strains was compared when they were grown in medium alone in 96-well polystyrene plates. Bacteria were stained with carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (Invitrogen, Molecular probes Inc., Eugene, OR, USA) and visualized at a magnification of 20× using an Ar laser with excitation and emission wavelengths of 488 nm and 500-550 nm, respectively.…”