Red-light-activatable ruthenium phthalocyanine catalysts

Abstract

Phthalocyanine ruthenium complexes were identified as red-light activatable catalysts for trifluoromethylation reactions.

Recent advances in transition metal-mediated trifluoromethylation reactions

“…In 2021, Furuyama and co-workers demonstrated a single-step procedure for chlorotrifluoromethylation of alkenes using phthalocyanine ruthenium complex 60d under red-light irradiation (Scheme 60). 117 The authors proposed the 1,2-difunctionalization protocol to be compatible with various functional groups and work well without requirements of any sacrificial reducing reagents.…”

Subphthalocyanine capsules: molecular reactors for photoredox transformations of fullerenes

“…In this regard, the use of SubPc cage 2 as an "antenna" pocket to induce photoredox transformations on fullerenes triggered by the surrounding SubPc excited states is a ground-breaking and conceptually innovative approach to obtain fullerene species that are not accessible by other means and can be of interest in areas such as solar energy conversion 10 or biomedicine. 30 Despite their well-recognized abilities as photosensitizers for different applications, there are only a few examples in the literature of Pcs 31,32 and SubPcs 33 working as photoredox catalysts for organic transformations; in particular, uorinated SubPcs have been recently tested as photocatalysts for radical additions of alkenes. 33 Our aim here is to take advantage of the strong interactions between the bowl-shaped SubPc units and the fullerene in the readily formed host:guest complexes in solution to trigger green-light induced photoredox addition reactions over the double bonds of C 60 .…”

“…Despite their well-recognized abilities as photosensitizers for different applications, there are only a few examples in the literature of Pcs 31,32 and SubPcs 33 working as photoredox catalysts for organic transformations; in particular, fluorinated SubPcs have been recently tested as photocatalysts for radical additions of alkenes. 33 Our aim here is to take advantage of the strong interactions between the bowl-shaped SubPc units and the fullerene in the readily formed host:guest complexes in solution to trigger green-light induced photoredox addition reactions over the double bonds of C 60 .…”

Porphyrins as Promising Photocatalysts for Red-Light-Induced Functionalizations of Biomolecules

“…Along this line, subphtalocyanines and phtalocyanines proved effective in the perfluoroalkylation of alkenes and alkynes, − the cyanation of tertiary amines, and the photoreductive dehalogenation of α-bromo ketones . The advantage of using porphyrinoids as photoredox catalysts was recently demonstrated by the MacMillan group, who developed a proximity labeling platform based on a red-light-excited Sn­(IV) chlorin e6 that enabled the generation of aminyl radicals both in vitro and in cellulo .…”