Red ginseng powder fermented with probiotics exerts antidiabetic effects in the streptozotocin-induced mouse diabetes model

Abstract

Context: Red ginseng (heat-processed Panax ginseng) is a well-known alternative medicine with pharmacological antidiabetic activity. It exerts pharmacological effects through the transformation of saponin into metabolites by the intestinal microbiota. Given that intestinal conditions and intestinal microflora vary among individuals, the pharmacological effects of orally administered red ginseng likely may vary among individuals.Objective: To overcome this variation and produce homogeneously effective red ginseng, we evaluated the antidiabetic effects of probiotic-fermented red ginseng in a mouse model.Materials and methods: The antidiabetic efficacy of orally administered probiotic-fermented red ginseng was assessed in ICR mice after induction of diabetes using streptozotocin (170 mg/kg body weight). Samples were given orally for 8 weeks, and indicators involved in diabetic disorders such as body weight change, water intake, blood glucose, glucose tolerance and various biochemical parameters were determined.Results: Oral administration of probiotic-fermented red ginseng significantly decreased the level of blood glucose of about 62.5% in the fasting state and induced a significant increase in glucose tolerance of about 10.2% compared to the control diabetic mice. Additionally, various indicators of diabetes and biochemical data (e.g., blood glycosylated haemoglobin level, serum concentrations of insulin, and α-amylase activity) showed a significant improvement in the diabetic conditions of the mice treated with probiotic-fermented red ginseng in comparison with those of control diabetic mice.Discussion and conclusion: Our results demonstrate the antidiabetic effects of probiotic-fermented red ginseng in the streptozotocin-induced mouse diabetes model and suggest that probiotic-fermented red ginseng may be a uniformly effective red ginseng product.

Pathobiological mechanisms underlying metabolic syndrome (MetS) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD): clinical significance and therapeutic strategies

“…Administration of ginseng has been demonstrated to have a number of positive effects on glucose and lipid metabolism in humans. Eight week-oral administration of heat-processed Panax ginseng decreased fasting blood glucose level, increased serum insulin and glucose tolerance in streptozotocin-induced diabetic mice (Jang et al, 2017). In high-fructose fed rats, Panax ginseng administration for eight weeks significantly reduced increments of body weight and adiposity.…”

Panax ginseng and Panax quinquefolius : From pharmacology to toxicology

“…It has been shown that ginseng exerts beneficial effects on both lipid and glucose metabolism. Fermented red ginseng (150 mg/kg/ day per os for 8 weeks) decreased fasting blood glucose level and increased serum insulin and glucose tolerance in streptozotocininduced diabetic mice (Jang et al, 2017). In a rat model of highfructose diet-induced metabolic disorder, fermented red ginseng (250 mg/kg/day per os for 8 weeks) reduced hyperlipidemia and hypertension together with an up-regulation of insulin receptor substrate 1 and glucose transporter (GLUT) type 4 in the muscle (Kho et al, 2016) (Fig.…”

Effects of Huanglian-Renshen-Decoction, a Fixed Mixture of Traditional Chinese Medicine, on the Improvement of Glucose Metabolism by Maintenance of Pancreatic β Cell Identity in db/db Mice

“…Evidence from existing studies showed that both Coptidis Rhizoma and Panax ginseng had extraordinary effects on decreasing hyperglycaemia [28–31]. The underlying mechanisms have been widely studied, especially for their bioactive components.…”