Red Ginseng Extract Facilitates the Early Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Mesendoderm Lineage

Kim, Yoon Young; Ku, Seung‐Yup; Rosenwaks, Zev; Liu, Hung Ching; Oh, Sun Kyung; Moon, Shin Yong; Choi, Young Min

doi:10.1155/2011/167376

Cited by 7 publications

(8 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…mESC proteins represent genes with embryonic lethal phenotypes at earlier developmental stages than mEpiSC proteins. Phenotypes are arranged according to developmental stage: (1) Prenatal lethality, (2) embryonic lethality before implantation (E0-E4.5), (3) embryonic lethality before somite formation (E4.5-E8), (4) embryonic lethality before turning of embryo (E8-E9), (5) embryonic lethality during organogenesis (E19-E14), (6) postnatal lethality, (7) absent somites, (8) open neural tube.…”

Section: Analysis Of Mesc and Mepisc Data Sets-mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Significant effort has been directed to understanding how the pluripotent state is specified in stem cells, and transcriptional regulatory mechanisms are now known to be central to maintenance of the pluripotent state. Embryonic stem cells are able to self-renew and yet remain in a poised state, ready to differentiate as required (8). In addition, pluripotent stem cells may be derived from different embryonic tissues, such as the epiblast (6), with distinct properties and responses to cellular signals suggesting that there are different pluripotent ground states.…”

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confidence: 99%

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DNA and Chromatin Modification Networks Distinguish Stem Cell Pluripotent Ground States

Song¹,

Saha²,

Gokulrangan³

et al. 2012

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Pluripotent stem cells are capable of differentiating into all cell types of the body and therefore hold tremendous promise for regenerative medicine. Despite their widespread use in laboratories across the world, a detailed understanding of the molecular mechanisms that regulate the pluripotent state is currently lacking. Mouse embryonic (mESC) and epiblast (mEpiSC) stem cells are two closely related classes of pluripotent stem cells, derived from distinct embryonic tissues. Although both mESC and mEpiSC are pluripotent, these cell types show important differences in their properties suggesting distinct pluripotent ground states. To understand the molecular basis of pluripotency, we analyzed the nuclear proteomes of mESCs and mEpiSCs to identify protein networks that regulate their respective pluripotent states. Our study used label-free LC-MS/MS to identify and quantify 1597 proteins in embryonic and epiblast stem cell nuclei. Immunoblotting of a selected protein subset was used to confirm that key components of chromatin regulatory networks are differentially expressed in mESCs and mEpiSCs. Specifically, we identify differential expression of DNA methylation, ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling and nucleosome remodeling networks in mESC and mEpiSC nuclei. This study is the first comparative study of protein networks in cells representing the two distinct, pluripotent states, and points to the importance of DNA and chromatin modification processes in regulating pluripotency. In addition, by integrating our data with existing pluripotency networks, we provide detailed maps of protein networks that regulate pluripotency that will further both the fundamental understanding of pluripotency as well as efforts to reliably control the differentiation of these cells into functional cell fates. Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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Section: Analysis Of Mesc and Mepisc Data Sets-mentioning

confidence: 99%

mentioning

confidence: 99%

DNA and Chromatin Modification Networks Distinguish Stem Cell Pluripotent Ground States

Song¹,

Saha²,

Gokulrangan³

et al. 2012

Molecular & Cellular Proteomics

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“…To induce cardiac lineage differentiation, many growth factors such as bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs) have been treated to hESCs in two-week differentiation protocols [4][5][6][7][8]. In spite of many previously reported protocols, the efficiency stills needs to be improved in terms of retrieving self-beating CM clusters.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Differential MicroRNA Expression Profile of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Lineage Cells

Kim

Min

Kim

et al. 2017

Tissue Eng Regen Med

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MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNA molecules that participate in transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression. miRNAs have numerous roles in cellular function including embryonic development. Human embryonic stem cells (hESCs) are capable of self-renewal and can differentiate into most of cell types including cardiomyocytes (CMs). These characteristics of hESCs make them considered as an important model for studying human embryonic development and tissue specific differentiation. In this study, we tried to demonstrate the profile of miRNA expression in cardiac differentiation from hESCs. To induce differentiation, we differentiated hESCs into CMs by direct differentiation method and characterized differentiated cells. To analyze the expression of miRNAs, we distinguished (days 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28) and isolated RNAs from each differentiation stage. miRNA specific RT-qPCR was performed and the expression profile of miR-1,-30d,-133a,-143,-145,-378a,-499a was evaluated. The expression of all miRs was up-regulated at day 8. miR-143 and-145 expression was also up-regulated at the later stage of differentiation. Only miR-378a expression returned to undifferentiated hESC levels at the other stages of differentiation. In conclusion, we elucidated the expression profile of miRNAs during differentiation into cardiomyocytes from hESCs. Our findings demonstrate the expression of miRNAs was stage-dependent during differentiation and suggest that the differentiation into CMs can be regulated by miRNAs through direct or indirect pathway.

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“…However, there are some studies that determined the action of ginseng on stem cells. Ginseng extract has been observed to facilitate proliferation and differentiation of hESCs [ 239 ]. In brief, ginseng extract was added to undifferentiated hESCs and differentiating cells at 0.125, 0.25, and 0.5 mg/mL.…”

Section: Natural Compounds and Stem Cells Activation And Differentmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Potential Properties of Natural Compounds in Cardiac Stem Cell Activation: Their Role in Myocardial Regeneration

et al. 2021

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Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), which include congenital heart disease, rhythm disorders, subclinical atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, and many other cardiac disorders, cause about 30% of deaths globally; representing one of the main health problems worldwide. Among CVDs, ischemic heart diseases (IHDs) are one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality in the world. The onset of IHDs is essentially due to an unbalance between the metabolic demands of the myocardium and its supply of oxygen and nutrients, coupled with a low regenerative capacity of the heart, which leads to great cardiomyocyte (CM) loss; promoting heart failure (HF) and myocardial infarction (MI). To date, the first strategy recommended to avoid IHDs is prevention in order to reduce the underlying risk factors. In the management of IHDs, traditional therapeutic options are widely used to improve symptoms, attenuate adverse cardiac remodeling, and reduce early mortality rate. However, there are no available treatments that aim to improve cardiac performance by replacing the irreversible damaged cardiomyocytes (CMs). Currently, heart transplantation is the only treatment being carried out for irreversibly damaged CMs. Hence, the discovery of new therapeutic options seems to be necessary. Interestingly, recent experimental evidence suggests that regenerative stem cell medicine could be a useful therapeutic approach to counteract cardiac damage and promote tissue regeneration. To this end, researchers are tasked with answering one main question: how can myocardial regeneration be stimulated? In this regard, natural compounds from plant extracts seem to play a particularly promising role. The present review will summarize the recent advances in our knowledge of stem cell therapy in the management of CVDs; focusing on the main properties and potential mechanisms of natural compounds in stimulating and activating stem cells for myocardial regeneration.

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Red Ginseng Extract Facilitates the Early Differentiation of Human Embryonic Stem Cells into Mesendoderm Lineage

Cited by 7 publications

References 27 publications

DNA and Chromatin Modification Networks Distinguish Stem Cell Pluripotent Ground States

DNA and Chromatin Modification Networks Distinguish Stem Cell Pluripotent Ground States

Differential MicroRNA Expression Profile of Human Embryonic Stem Cell-Derived Cardiac Lineage Cells

The Potential Properties of Natural Compounds in Cardiac Stem Cell Activation: Their Role in Myocardial Regeneration

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