Red cell PMVs, plasma membrane-derived vesicles calling out for standards

Thermodynamic evaluation of vesicles shed by erythrocytes at elevated temperatures

“…This concentration is a few orders of 15 magnitude higher than those found in the literature (Table 3). It is well recognized that there is a 16 substantial amount of variation between researchers regarding the preparation procedures used in isolating 17 erythrocyte vesicles, with essential differences in anticoagulants, filtration, centrifugation and flow 18 cytometry, which frequently result in data variability [39][40][41] showed that 80% of all vesicles found in blood are smaller than 0.4 μm. It is therefore concluded that the 2 majority of vesicles is lost during preparation and detection.…”

“…Most of the erythrocyte vesicles are ranged 19 in between 0.1 and 1 μm[40], but the most traditional detection technique, flow cytometry, has a 20 The cumulative frequency analysis of vesicle diameters 1…”

Membrane microvesicles as mediators for melanoma-fibroblasts communication: Roles of the VCAM-1/VLA-4 axis and the ERK1/2 signal pathway

“…Annexin V was adopted to determine the level of phosphatidylserine (PS + ) on the outer leaflet of the TMVs, as previously reported [10].…”

Microvesicles and exosomes as vehicles between protozoan and host cell communication

“…A remarkable meeting organized by the International Society for Extracellular Vesicles in Gothenburg (17)(18)(19)(20)(21) April 2012) discussed the biological functions and roles of extracellular vesicles and reviewed methods and protocols to separate, purify and characterize vesicles. Although some groups continue to use the nomenclature with specific names for their vesicles under study, there is a consensus to classify them into three groups on the basis of size: exosomes (<100 nm), MVs (100 nm-1 μm) and apoptotic bodies (>2 μm).…”