Recycling spent lithium-ion battery as adsorbents to remove aqueous heavy metals: Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and regeneration assessment

Zhang, Yanhao; Wang, Yuchen; Zhang, Haohan; Li, Yang; Zhang, Zhibin; Zhang, Wen

doi:10.1016/j.resconrec.2020.104688

Cited by 92 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…Meanwhile, and are the dominant form of Cr(VI) in the solution at low pH, while are present at higher pH 61 . The higher removal of Cr(VI) at low pH (3) may be attributed to increase in ionizing ability of Cr(VI), formation of and positive surface formation 62 . Therefore, enhanced electrostatic attraction between the positively charged surface of MWCNTs-KIAgNPs in acidic medium and species was generated, which favored higher Cr(VI) adsorption.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions by KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs in a batch and fixed bed process

Egbosiuba

Abdulkareem

Kovo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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The efficient removal of toxic metals ions from chemical industry wastewater is considered problematic due to the existence of pollutants as mixtures in the aqueous matrix, thus development of advanced and effective treatment method has been identified as a panacea to the lingering problems of heavy metal pollution. In this study, KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs nano adsorbent was developed using combination of green chemistry protocol and chemical vapor deposition techniques and subsequently characterized using UV–Vis, HRTEM, HRSEM, XRD, FTIR and XPS. The adsorptive efficiency of MWCNTs-KIAgNPs for the removal of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II), Cd(II) and physico-chemical parameters like pH, TDS, COD, BOD, nitrates, sulphates, chlorides and phosphates from chemical industrial wastewater was examined in both batch and fixed bed systems. The result exhibited successful deposition of KIAgNPs on the surface of MWCNTs as confirmed by the microstructures, morphology, crystalline nature, functional groups and elemental characteristics of the MWCNTs-KIAgNPs. Optimum batch adsorption parameters include; pH (3 for Cr(VI) and 6 for Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions), contact time (60 min), adsorbent dosage (40 mg) and temperature (318 K). The binding capacities were obtained as follows; Cr6+ (229.540 mg/g), Ni2+ (174.784 mg/g), Fe2+ (149.552) and Cd2+ (121.026 mg/g), respectively. Langmuir isotherm and pseudo-second order kinetic model best described the experimental data in batch adsorption, while the thermodynamic parameters validated the chemisorption and endothermic nature of the adsorption process. In continuous adsorption, the metal ions were effectively removed at low metal influent concentration, low flow rate and high bed depth, whereby the experimental data were designated by Thomas model. The high physico-chemical parameters in the wastewater were successfully treated in both batch and fixed bed systems to fall within WHO permissible concentrations. The adsorption/desorption study illustrated over 80% metal removal by MWCNTs-KIAgNPs even after 8th adsorption cycle. This study demonstrated excellent performance of MWCNTs-KIAgNPs for chemical industry wastewater treatment.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Adsorption of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions by KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs in a batch and fixed bed process

Egbosiuba

Abdulkareem

Kovo

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO 4 , LFP) has large-scale applications in electronic devices, portable devices, and energy storage because of its high theoretical capacity (170 mAh g –1 ), suitable voltage (3.4 V vs Li + /Li), good thermal stability, low cost, and environmental friendliness. − Generally speaking, the service life of LFP is between 3 and 10 years. , With the increasing popularity of LiFePO 4 batteries in the electric-driven new energy vehicle industry, by 2030, the number of electric vehicles worldwide is expected to reach 145 million, accounting for 7% of all vehicles on the road . In addition, more than 11 million tons of spent LFPs will be generated. , Although LiFePO 4 is an eco-friendly material, it can still cause significant harm to the environment if not handled properly.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…1−3 Generally speaking, the service life of LFP is between 3 and 10 years. 4,5 With the increasing popularity of LiFePO 4 batteries in the electricdriven new energy vehicle industry, by 2030, the number of electric vehicles worldwide is expected to reach 145 million, accounting for 7% of all vehicles on the road. 6 In addition, more than 11 million tons of spent LFPs will be generated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Green Phosphate Route of Regeneration of LiFePO₄ Composite Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Wang

et al. 2023

Ind. Eng. Chem. Res.

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To develop efficient, viable, and promising routes to regenerate nano-LiFePO4 (nano-LFP) composite materials from spent LFP batteries, this paper studied phosphate approaches by taking Li3PO4 and FePO4 as raw materials. The crystalline structure, morphology, and physicochemical properties of regenerated LiFePO4 nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and electrochemical measurement. Regenerated LiFePO4 owned a good olivine structure with a space group of Pnma. After being coated with carbon, rectangular-structured LiFePO4 prepared by hydrothermal synthesis exhibited high specific capacity, excellent rate capability, and good Li+ diffusivity. When the pH value was around 8.0 and the amount of the Li3PO4 raw material was 14 mmol, the discharge capacity at 0.1C was 158.6 mAh g–1 and the capacity retention rate was 99.19% at 1C after 300 cycles. Meanwhile, flake-like LiFePO4/C synthesized by the carbothermal method at 700 °C and a 14 wt % carbon mass fraction showed an initial discharge capacity of 159.0 mAh g–1 at 0.1C and a capacity retention rate of 97.45% after 300 cycles at 1C, exhibiting excellent electrochemical performance. Overall, this study provides a facile, feasible, and sustainable recovery method for the battery industry for recovering phosphate products from spent LFP cathode materials and subsequent large-scale regeneration of LiFePO4 composite materials.

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“…Although biometallurgy, which utilizes bacteria to turn spent batteries into metal salts, has low energy consumption, the process is time-consuming and the conversion rate of metal salts is low . Meanwhile, the transformation of solid wastes into multifunctional materials (such as adsorbents, , catalysts, , etc.) and their application in the treatment of environmental pollutants and energy production is of great scientific significance for the construction of a green and sustainable ecological society .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Converting Spent LiFePO₄ Battery into Zeolitic Phosphate for Highly Efficient Heavy Metal Adsorption

et al. 2021

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Developing efficient recycling technologies for largescale spent batteries is the key to build a zero-waste city. Herein, a [Al 8.5 Fe 0.5zeolite, crystallizing in space group I4̅ 3m with a = 16.6778(3) Å, has been constructed via the hydrothermal treatment of spent LiFePO 4 battery. Benefiting from the three-dimensional 12member-ring channels in its structure and chemical adsorption, excellent Pb 2+ removal capacity up to 723.8 mg g −1 has been achieved. Detailed adsorption mechanism study revealed that the cation exchange capacity is significantly contributed by ion exchange of the protonated organic amine cations in the zeolite channel and the protons from the framework dangling phosphate group. This work demonstrates a novel method of reutilizing spent LIBs to construct zeolite for heavy metal removal. It is of great importance to achieve sustainable development based on the "resource utilization" and "trash-to-treasure" strategy.

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Recycling spent lithium-ion battery as adsorbents to remove aqueous heavy metals: Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and regeneration assessment

Cited by 92 publications

References 72 publications

Adsorption of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions by KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs in a batch and fixed bed process

Adsorption of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions by KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs in a batch and fixed bed process

Green Phosphate Route of Regeneration of LiFePO₄ Composite Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Converting Spent LiFePO₄ Battery into Zeolitic Phosphate for Highly Efficient Heavy Metal Adsorption

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Recycling spent lithium-ion battery as adsorbents to remove aqueous heavy metals: Adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and regeneration assessment

Cited by 92 publications

References 72 publications

Adsorption of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions by KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs in a batch and fixed bed process

Adsorption of Cr(VI), Ni(II), Fe(II) and Cd(II) ions by KIAgNPs decorated MWCNTs in a batch and fixed bed process

Green Phosphate Route of Regeneration of LiFePO4 Composite Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Converting Spent LiFePO4 Battery into Zeolitic Phosphate for Highly Efficient Heavy Metal Adsorption

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Green Phosphate Route of Regeneration of LiFePO₄ Composite Materials from Spent Lithium-Ion Batteries

Converting Spent LiFePO₄ Battery into Zeolitic Phosphate for Highly Efficient Heavy Metal Adsorption