Recycling processes and issues in natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Cestari, Sibele Piedade; Freitas, Daniela de França da Silva; Rodrigues, Dayana Coval; Mendes, Luís Claudio

doi:10.1016/b978-0-08-102177-4.00012-4

Cited by 19 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Research in the field of recovering natural fibre composites is a relatively unexplored topic when compared to the recyclability of synthetic fibre reinforced composites. For the latter, different strategies have been proposed, mainly due to the relatively high cost and energy consumption to produce synthetic fibres [15][16][17][18][19]32,33]. Although the number of studies in the recyclability of natural fibre reinforcement composites is scarce, some works show that their mechanical and physical properties remain practically unchanged and can even be enhanced, due to the new generated surfaces after the recycling process.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Performance and Recyclability of a Green Composite Based on AESO Resin

Seabra

Sousa

Bragança

et al. 2020

JMMP

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The aims and objectives of this paper are two-fold: first to investigate the production of a green composite manufactured with renewable materials (i.e., jute fabric as reinforcement, acrylate epoxidase soybean oil (AESO) as matrix and sisal particles (SP) as filler), by the wet layup method; second, to propose a recycling procedure to recover the individual materials and reuse them in the production of a second-life composite. In the first part, different combinations of SP (0, 5 and 10 wt%) and hardener (2, 5 and 10 wt%) were mixed with AESO resin, poured into a mould, cured and submitted to mechanical and physicochemical characterizations to identify the best conditions for the composite production. Virgin green composites with 10 wt% SP, 5 wt% hardener and 5 layers of jute fabric, capable of assuring 91 HA of hardness and 10.6 MPa of tensile strength, were fabricated. The second part describes the recycling process of the composites with acetone, an organic solvent recommended by the safety, health and environmental criteria, to breakdown the resin matrix and recover the jute fabric reinforcement and resin particles, which were then reused to fabricate a second-life composite. Although the hardness values of the second-life composite were smaller (4%) and the tensile strength varied with composition, the absorption of water was considerably reduced (in the range of 22 to 51%). This last result mitigates one of the green composite’s limitations and fosters circular economy by assuring the applications of the second-life composite in the field of transportations, packing and furniture, among others.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

On the Performance and Recyclability of a Green Composite Based on AESO Resin

Seabra

Sousa

Bragança

et al. 2020

JMMP

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“…The environmental challenges of mechanical recycling of polymeric waste is an emerging field-that is, composites reinforced with natural fibers, described extensively in the present review, which lies in extracting natural fibers of low commercial value that are easy to obtain, to reinforce the matrices of these biodegradable products with various engineering applications [22,23].…”

Section: Recycling Of Residual Polymersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Mechanical recycling is a method to reduce the size of polymeric materials into small fragments with sizes ranging between 20 and 200 mm [24]; polymeric compounds are crushed, ground, reprocessed, and combined with particles depending on the interest, and the resulting fractions of the process can be classified into different sizes using sieves in powders, fibers, or flakes [23,25]. They are used in the production of new products, with limitations due to their low density, mechanical strength, and interfacial adhesion; thus, it is necessary to apply treatments and use reinforcing fibers as mentioned below.…”

Section: Mechanical Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The compounds present in the residual polymer disintegrate, recovering the monomers through the chemical depolymerization of the polymer chains [23] using different chemicals such as acids, bases, and solvents depending on the nature of the polymeric substrate. When organic and inorganic solvents are used, it is known as solvolysis; if water is used, it is known as hydrolysis [26,27], widely used in the petrochemical industry in the development of new alternative products and fuel, which is both economical and high-performance, with limitations due to the environmental impacts generated by the emissions and discharges of the process residues in the receiving environment.…”

Section: Chemical Recyclingmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Recycling of Residual Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review

2021

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The latest advances in green alternatives are being addressed with bio-based solutions, with uses and applications in new areas due to their wide potential, low cost, lightness, renewability, biodegradability, impact toughness, fatigue resistance, and other specific properties. Natural fibers are sustainable materials that have led researchers to test their viability as alternative reinforcements in residual polymers to meet required engineering specifications; therefore, it is essential to continue making progress in replacing conventional materials. This review is expected to provide an overview of the current scopes and future prospects of biocomposites from polymers reinforced with natural fibers with a focus on the following: i. recycling of residual polymers; ii. available natural fibers and their components in the context of engineering applications; iii. the behavior of the structural modifications of the natural fibers with the physical and chemical treatments in the matrix interaction as reinforcements of the residual polymers; and iv. applications for the development of innovative, efficient, and sustainable solutions for successful, environmentally responsible products.

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“…Although there is a lack of standardization in manufacturing technologies of composites, there is a growing demand for FRP from the automobile and transport industry that are expected to have the highest rate in the composites market, especially due to the expected cost reduction of carbon fiber reinforced composites (CFRP). However, there are issues related to the recycling of composites that have to be solved [4]. The obvious lack of recyclability of composites is important since it is a significant barrier to the growth and sustained commercial use of fibers and other composite materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Current technologies for recycling fiber-reinforced composites

Jelić¹,

Kovačević²,

Stamenović³

et al. 2020

Sci Tech Rev

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High strength, high toughness, and low weight make fiber-reinforced composite materials important as an alternative to traditional materials. Due to their application in different fields, such as construction, aviation, marine, automotive technologies and biomedicine, their production has increased leading to the increasement of composite wastes. New technologies for managing fiber-reinforced composite wastes have been developed to solve the issue of end-of-life of these materials. The aim of this paper is to emphasize recycling technologies used for fiber reinforced composites, and their potential reusage.

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Recycling processes and issues in natural fiber-reinforced polymer composites

Cited by 19 publications

References 38 publications

On the Performance and Recyclability of a Green Composite Based on AESO Resin

On the Performance and Recyclability of a Green Composite Based on AESO Resin

Recycling of Residual Polymers Reinforced with Natural Fibers as a Sustainable Alternative: A Review

Current technologies for recycling fiber-reinforced composites

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