Recycling of wood–plastic composites prepared from poly(vinyl chloride) and wood flour

Petchwattana, Nawadon; Covavisaruch, Sirijutaratana; Sanetuntikul, Jakkid

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2011.08.024

Cited by 63 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Beg et al reported reductions in both strength and modulus for the reprocessed wood flour‐PP composites in injection molding process . Petchwattana et al re‐extruded the PVC‐based WPCs and reported a decrease in flexural strength and modulus of elasticity was observed . Effects of multiple extruding of WPCs produced with HDPE and various weight fraction of wood flour were also investigated in our previous studies and it was found that the matrix melt flow index plays a key role in the final properties of products upon multiple processing .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

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Procedure effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the extruded wood plastic composites

et al. 2013

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This article investigates the effect of raw material preparation on the mechanical and physical properties in wood‐plastic composite (WPC) production. Four possible procedures in material preparation to obtain a determined level of wood content are: (i) to use and feed raw materials in the same ratio of the desired composition (single stage), (ii) to use the batch of granules of the same composition (two‐stage), (iii) to add wood to the batch of granules having a lower wood content, (iv) to add polymer to the batch of granules having a higher wood content. The main question then is that, while it is economically attractive to use granules of a fixed wood content in all productions, whether there are noticeable differences in final properties of the products. The examined compositions were 50, 60, and 70 wt% of wood content which are considered as highly filled WPCs and mainly used in the WPC markets. Thus, 12 sets of WPC profiles were manufactured and the processing conditions (temperature, pressure, and outlet velocity) recorded. The flexural properties, impact strength, density, and water uptake were measured. Results revealed that in the production of WPCs with 50 and 70 wt% of wood content, using the WPC granules with the same composition yields better physical and mechanical properties. However, for producing WPC with 60 wt% of wood content, using WPC granules with 70 wt% of wood and adding appropriate amount of polymer exhibit better results. POLYM. COMPOS. 34:1349–1356, 2013. © 2013 Society of Plastics Engineers

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…The type of used materials in WPC production mostly depends on the available waste natural fibers and discarded plastics . There are many research works reporting the utilization of waste materials for producing WPC products .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Procedure effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the extruded wood plastic composites

et al. 2013

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“…The polydispersity index (PDI) showed an increase with increased number of reprocessing cycles. This increase in PDI also implies a decrease in molecular weights of PLA [26]. This could be attributed to the breakage of polymer chains due to thermal degradation.…”

Section: Effect Of Recycling On Fibermentioning

confidence: 99%

Feasibility of Reprocessing Natural Fiber Filled Poly(lactic acid) Composites: An In-Depth Investigation

Bhattacharjee¹,

Bajwa²

2017

Advances in Materials Science and Engineering

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Poly(lactic acid) (PLA) based composites are biodegradable; their disposal after single use may be needless and uneconomical. Prodigal disposal of these composites could also create an environmental concern and additional demand for biobased feedstock. Under these circumstances, recycling could be an effective solution, since it will widen the composite service life and prevent the excessive use of natural resources. This research investigates an in-depth impact of recycling on the mechanical and thermomechanical properties of oak wood flour based PLA composites. Two composite formulations (30 and 50 wt% filler), each with 3 wt% coupling agent (PLA-g-MA), were produced and reprocessed six times by extrusion followed by injection molding. Measurements of fiber length and molecular weight of polymer were, respectively, carried out by gel permeation chromatography (GPC). Scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) tools were used to study morphological and molecular alterations. With consecutive recycling, PLA composites showed a gradual decrease in strength and stiffness properties and an increase in strain properties. The 50% and 30% filler concentration of fibers in the composite showed an abrupt decrease in strength properties after six and two reprocessing cycles, respectively.

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“…Polymer matrix filled with wood flour or fiber exhibit favorable mechanical properties, greater rigidity, lower water absorption, die swelling and lower linear shrinkage [4,15,16,18]. WPC composites pose no threat to the environment in the course of treatment and recycling processes [3,13]. Furthermore, after an appropriate modification, they are partially biodegradable [12].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Analysis of Fiber Orientation in the Wood-Polymer Composites (WPC) on Selected Examples

Frącz¹,

Janowski²

2017

Adv. Sci. Technol. Res. J.

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The fibers orientation in the polymer matrix is an important factor determining mechanical properties of products made of composites by means of an injection molding process. The fibers arrangement has an effect on shrinkage of the composite and the dimensional accuracy of molded piece. The knowledge of fiber orientation can determine the proper dimensions and design of the molding cavities and then correct some of physical and mechanical properties of the molded piece. The orientation of fillers depends on many factors, among which the important role play processing parameters including the injection speed. The aim of this study was to assess the orientation of the fibers in wood-polymer composite on the selected examples. The knowledge and proper use of micromechanical models allow to evaluate the fibers flow and their orientation in polymer matrix. The research was performed both for numerical simulations and experimental studies for results verification.

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Recycling of wood–plastic composites prepared from poly(vinyl chloride) and wood flour

Cited by 63 publications

References 13 publications

Procedure effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the extruded wood plastic composites

Procedure effect on the physical and mechanical properties of the extruded wood plastic composites

Feasibility of Reprocessing Natural Fiber Filled Poly(lactic acid) Composites: An In-Depth Investigation

Analysis of Fiber Orientation in the Wood-Polymer Composites (WPC) on Selected Examples

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