Recycling of WEEE: Characterization of spent printed circuit boards from mobile phones and computers

Yamane, Luciana Harue; Moraes, Viviane Tavares de; Espinosa, Denise Crocce Romano; Tenório, Jorge Alberto Soares

doi:10.1016/j.wasman.2011.07.006

Cited by 341 publications

(164 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…Plastics are used in many applications (Bashir, 2013) because of their versatility, light weight and also easy to manufacture (Andrady & Neal, 2009). Plastics are used extensively in automobiles (Gerrard & Kandlikar, 2007;Mazzanti & Zoboli, 2006;Smink, 2007), building and constructions (Cleetus, Thomas, & Varghese, 2013), packaging (Al-Salem, Lettieri, & Baeyens, 2009), bags (Bashir, 2013) and phones (Kasper et al, 2011;Yamane, de Moraes, Espinosa, & Tenório, 2011) and computers (Balakrishnan, Anand, & Chiya, 2007;Guo, Guo, & Xu, 2009;Hall & Williams, 2007). As a consequence, the production of plastics has increased substantially over the last 60 years .…”

Section: The Waste Plastic Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Balance of Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel Oil- A case in Uganda

Owusu¹,

Banadda²,

Kiggundu³

2017

JSD

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The current rate of plastic usage and the manner in which they are being disposed of is unsustainable. This is because more resources such as crude oil are utilized for their production and on the other hand, more waste plastics are generated. Since these waste plastics are made from crude oil, there is a high chance that they can be turned back into diesel that can be used to power irrigation pumps, drive engines for transport and industrial purposes among other potential uses. This paper sought to evaluate the pyrolysis of waste plastics to fuel oil potential of Uganda. The estimated waste plastics generated in Uganda was quantified as 545 851 kg/day. In this study, mass balance estimation indicated that the initial feed of 545 851 kg of waste plastics yields 451 419 kg liquid fuel using an appropriate technology for pyrolysis. The production potential of the gaseous and char fractions was calculated to be 50 764 and 43 668 kg in a day, respectively. This estimated amount has the potential to power approximately 234 small portable threshers of 5-7 horsepower. A total of 365 000 tonnes of fresh paddy can be threshed using these threshers. The gaseous fraction also has the potential to be used as a source of fuel for cooking. This is particularly important for postharvest handling and food security in Uganda as well as development of waste to energy technologies such as pyrolysis.

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Section: The Waste Plastic Situationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mass Balance of Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel Oil- A case in Uganda

Owusu¹,

Banadda²,

Kiggundu³

2017

JSD

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“…The contamination based on organic or halogen-containing compounds represents a common problem which remains at the center of investigation concerning recovery methods. Due to the elevated amount of copper as well as precious metals, this area will gain further importance in the near future [18,21].…”

Section: Residues From the Copper Industrymentioning

confidence: 99%

Treatment of Residues from the Copper Industry with an Alternative Approach for Electric Furnace Slag

Steinacker

Antrekowitsch

2017

Berg Huettenmaenn Monatsh

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Today's copper industry sees itself confronted with a variety of different residues and by-products. This situation can be explained by the decreasing content of copper in the primary ore concentrate and the multitude of further downstream processes and applications. This work aims at giving an overview of the different residues that derive from the primary as well as the secondary copper industry and highlights the potential in eastern and southeastern Europe. The core part of this article describes different recycling and recovery methods, which can be split into two main categories. The direct treatment generally consists of a remelting step which builds on a detailed chemical analysis and aims at the preservation of the contained alloying elements. In contrast to the direct option, the conventional recycling consists of several process steps which gradually increase the purity and quality of the material.The description of a new approach for the treatment of electric furnace slag concludes the considerations concerning the different residues. While the introduction of primary copper smelting slag into an electric furnace displays a commonly applied procedure which leads to a marketable product, legislative as well as environmental restrictions may restrict this opportunity in the near future. As a result, a pyrometallurgical approach that uses pig iron as a reducing agent aims at lowering the contained heavy metal content in the slag and hence at guaranteeing the required marketability. Keywords

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“…No processamento físico, foi utilizado o moinho de facas (marca Rone, modelo FA2305) com grelha de 9 mm, seguido de moagem em moinho de martelos (marca Astecma, modelo MDM 18/18) com grelha de 2 mm, tendo como finalidade a redução do tamanho, aumento da área superficial e liberação dos materiais das placas de circuito impresso, facilitando a recuperação de metais [22]. Após a moagem foi feito o quarteamento, visando melhor homogeneização das amostras, até obtenção de frações de 20 g. As camadas que podem ser de cobre aparecem de forma pontilhada, não contínua, e representam as trilhas dos circuitos que não são paralelas a seção transversal da amostra analisada, muito comuns em PCIs.…”

Section: Cominuiçãounclassified

Caracterização De Placas De Circuito Impresso Por Microscopia Eletrônica De Varredura Visando Recuperação De Metais

Caldas¹,

Moraes²,

Tenório³

et al. 2017

Anais Do Congresso Anual Da ABM

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ResumoA recuperação de metais presentes em equipamentos eletroeletrônicos tem atraído interesse em virtude de novas e diferentes tecnologias que visam a reutilização desses elementos químicos em novos processos produtivos. A recuperação de metais das placas de circuito impresso tem atraído o interesse das empresas, pois, ao mesmo tempo que produz bons resultados do ponto de vista econômico, também se pratica o desenvolvimento sustentável, reduzindo a extração de metais da natureza. Este trabalho tem como objetivo caracterizar as placas de circuito impressos (PCI's) de memória de computadores, através de imagens de microscopia eletrônica de varredura com espectroscopia por dispersão de energia (MEV/EDS), a fim de verificar a presença de metais, visando a sua recuperação. Palavras-chave: Reciclagem; Recuperação de metais; Caracterização. CIRCUIT BOARDS PRINTED CHARACTERIZATION BY SCANNING ELECTRON MICROSCOPY AIMING RECOVERY OF METALS AbstractThe recovery of metals from electronic equipment has attracted interest because of new and different technologies that aim to reuse these chemicals elements in production processes. The recovery of metals from printed circuit boards is interesting to the companies because at the same time produces good results from the economic point of view, and promotes a sustainable development through the reduction extraction of nature metal. This work aims to characterize the printed circuit boards (PCI's) from computer memory through scanning electron microscopy and spectroscopic energy dispersive images (SEM / EDS) in order to verify the presence of metals, aiming the recovery of metals.

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Recycling of WEEE: Characterization of spent printed circuit boards from mobile phones and computers

Cited by 341 publications

References 21 publications

Mass Balance of Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel Oil- A case in Uganda

Mass Balance of Plastic Waste Conversion to Fuel Oil- A case in Uganda

Treatment of Residues from the Copper Industry with an Alternative Approach for Electric Furnace Slag

Caracterização De Placas De Circuito Impresso Por Microscopia Eletrônica De Varredura Visando Recuperação De Metais

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