Recycling of platinum group metals from exhausted petroleum and automobile catalysts using bioleaching approach: a critical review on potential, challenges, and outlook

A toolbox for improved recycling of critical metals and materials in low-carbon technologies

“…High leaching rates (≥90% for Dy, Nd and Pr) can be obtained in 14 days, ferric ions playing a major role in the leaching efficiency. Multiple studies reported the leaching of PGMs 143 from catalysts using bacteria. PGMs having a high redox potential, their leaching is feasible by cyanide leaching, 144 similarly to gold leaching depicted in eqn (15).…”

A comprehensive review of bioleaching optimization by statistical approaches: recycling mechanisms, factors affecting, challenges, and sustainability

“…Thus, the urge to recover these rare and precious metallic elements from solid waste has become more critical economically to the public health issues of heavy metals. 3 The traditional methods of metal recovery include pyrometallurgy and hydrometallurgy. Pyrometallurgical processes rely on thermal methods for metals to be recovered from wastes.…”

“…Thus, the urge to recover these rare and precious metallic elements from solid waste has become more critical economically to the public health issues of heavy metals. 3 …”

Electrolyzer and Fuel Cell Recycling for a Circular Hydrogen Economy

“…[24][25][26] All technologies have been reported solely for PEMFC, which raises uncertainty around Ir recovery processes and yields for PEMWE. Bioleaching -in which microorganisms produce chemicals that can leach metals from a solid matrix -has also been reported for PGM recovery from catalytic converters but not from PEMFC, [27] and therefore is not studied in this work. Furthermore, data is lacking on the recycling of other PEMWE and PEMFC components, including titanium, carbon paper, and graphite.…”