Recycling of Plastics

Balakrishnan, Preetha; Sreekala, Meyyappallil Sadasivan

doi:10.1002/9783527689002.ch4

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 67 publications

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“…Plastics have played an essential role in developing a convenient society due to their attractive properties, including strong mechanical properties, stability, and durability. , Despite their enormous contribution to society, the plastics remaining in natural environments may cause adverse effects. − As examples, microplastic pollutants in water and soil harm plants, , aquatic fauna, − fish, zooplankton, worms, birds, and humans. , Even biocompatible and water-soluble polymers, such as poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG), that do not show severe toxicity to humans sometimes become lethal to particular species after release into the environment. − Some biocompatible polymers have even been reported to affect the human body through frequent use, as with anti-PEG antibodies . Thus, growing concerns about the toxicities of polymers in the environment have increased the international momentum for using and developing biodegradable polymers as sustainable materials.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The resulting material was extracted with EtOAc and purified by column chromatography with hexane/EtOAc (from 80/20 to 20/80) and chloroform/EtOAc (from 100/0 to 80/20) to give OCL 4OH (1.42 g, M n,NMR = 450, M n,SEC = 530, M w /M n = 1.85). 1 H-NMR spectra were recorded on a JEOL ECZ-400S spectrometer operating at 400 MHz (JEOL Ltd., Tokyo, Japan). The number average molecular weights and molecular weight distributions of the OCL samples were determined by size exclusion chromatography (SEC) in THF at 40 °C on two polystyrene gel columns [Tosoh Multipore HXL-M (7.8 mm i.d.…”

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Oligomers Derived from Biodegradable Polyesters on Eco- and Neurotoxicity

et al. 2023

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Biodegradable polymers are eco-friendly materials and have attracted attention for use in a sustainable society because they are not accumulated in the environment. Although the characteristics of biodegradable polymers have been assessed well, the effects of their degradation products have not. Herein, we comprehensively evaluated the chemical toxicities of biodegradable polyester, polycaprolactone (PCL), and synthetic oligocaprolactones (OCLs) with different degrees of polymerization. While the PCL did not show any adverse effects on various organisms, high levels of shorter OCLs and the monomer (1 μg/mL for freshwater microorganisms and 1 mg/mL for marine algae and mammalian cells) damaged the tested organisms, including freshwater microorganisms, marine algae, and mammalian cells, which indicated the toxicities of the degradation products under unnaturally high concentrations. These results highlight the need for a further understanding of the effects of the degradation products resulting from biodegradable polyesters to ensure a genuinely sustainable society.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ■ Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect of Oligomers Derived from Biodegradable Polyesters on Eco- and Neurotoxicity

et al. 2023

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“…These include packaging, coatings, adhesives, fabrics, transportation, construction, biomedicine, organic electronics, and nanotechnology [ 1 , 2 ]. Plastic production continues to increase due to its low density, strength, user-friendly design, fabrication capabilities, and, most importantly, low cost [ 3 , 4 , 5 ]. In addition, the plastic industry has a vital part to play in attaining the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) since it generates thousands of job opportunities essential to combatting extreme poverty (SDG 1), which can also impact the other SDGs [ 6 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Riverine Microplastic Pollution: Insights from Cagayan de Oro River, Philippines

Gabriel

Amparado

Lubguban

et al. 2023

IJERPH

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Rivers are vital water sources for humans and homes for aquatic organisms. Conversely, they are well known as the route of plastics into the ocean. Despite being the world’s number one emitter of riverine plastics into the ocean, microplastics (MPs), or plastic particles less than 5 mm, in the Philippines’ rivers are relatively unexplored. Water samples were collected from six sampling stations along the river channel of the Cagayan de Oro River, one of the largest rivers in Northern Mindanao, Philippines. The extracted microplastics’ abundance, distribution, and characteristics were analyzed using a stereomicroscope and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The results showed a mean concentration of 300 items/m3 of MPs dominated by blue-colored (59%), fiber (63%), 0.3–0.5 mm (44%), and polyacetylene (48%) particles. The highest concentration of microplastics was recorded near the mouth of the river, and the lowest was in the middle area. The findings indicated a significant difference in MP concentration at the sampling stations. This study is the first assessment of microplastic in a river in Mindanao. The results of this study will aid in formulating mitigation strategies for reducing riverine plastic emissions.

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“…Thermoplastic is also known as plastic, which, in general, can flow when heated in the molten state and becomes solid when cooled; thermoset becomes rigid (cannot flow) after cure reaction; and rubber has elasticity due to the cross-linkings formed during vulcanization/cure reaction. Some characteristics of plastic such as the low cost [1], low density, flexibility, strength, user-friendly design, durability [2], and fabrication capabilities [1] make it ideal to be used as packaging.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pros and Cons of Plastic during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Sousa¹,

Bastos²

2020

Recycling

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Since the beginning of the first cases of the new coronavirus, opinions and laws on the use of plastic materials have been questioned around the world. Their importance in the manufacture of hospital devices and personal protective equipment (PPE) is unquestionable, as they contribute largely to the reduction of the virus spread, helping health systems from all edges of the world and, most importantly, saving lives. However, the same material that is a protector, becomes a polluter when inadequately disposed of in the environment, generating or worsening socio-environmental problems, such as pollution of water bodies by plastic. A critical overview of the role of plastic during the COVID-19 pandemic is provided in this paper. A future panorama is attempted to be outlined. The real possibility of the virus spread from the use of plastic is discussed, as well as the recycling of plastic during the pandemic, correlating its use with problems that it may cause.

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Recycling of Plastics

Cited by 10 publications

References 67 publications

Effect of Oligomers Derived from Biodegradable Polyesters on Eco- and Neurotoxicity

Effect of Oligomers Derived from Biodegradable Polyesters on Eco- and Neurotoxicity

Riverine Microplastic Pollution: Insights from Cagayan de Oro River, Philippines

Pros and Cons of Plastic during the COVID-19 Pandemic

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