2022
DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073424
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Recycling and Reshaping—E3 Ligases and DUBs in the Initiation of T Cell Receptor-Mediated Signaling and Response

Abstract: T cell activation plays a central role in supporting and shaping the immune response. The induction of a functional adaptive immune response requires the control of signaling processes downstream of the T cell receptor (TCR). In this regard, protein phosphorylation and dephosphorylation have been extensively studied. In the past decades, further checkpoints of activation have been identified. These are E3 ligases catalyzing the transfer of ubiquitin or ubiquitin-like proteins to protein substrates, as well as … Show more

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“…Indeed, the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) regulates the degradation of misfolded and aggregated proteins as well as protein turnover [ 14 ]. It is now widely accepted that ubiquitination also plays a key role in the control of several fundamental biological processes, including the cell cycle [ 15 ], apoptosis [ 16 ], autophagy [ 11 , 14 ], epigenetics [ 17 ], as well as NF-kB and T-cell receptor signaling [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], and DNA repair and transcription [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], to name a few. Similarly, deubiquitinases modulate diverse cellular events, including the cell cycle [ 25 ], apoptosis [ 26 ], receptor signaling [ 16 , 21 ], gene transcription [ 24 ] and DNA repair pathways [ 23 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
See 1 more Smart Citation
“…Indeed, the ubiquitin–proteasome system (UPS) regulates the degradation of misfolded and aggregated proteins as well as protein turnover [ 14 ]. It is now widely accepted that ubiquitination also plays a key role in the control of several fundamental biological processes, including the cell cycle [ 15 ], apoptosis [ 16 ], autophagy [ 11 , 14 ], epigenetics [ 17 ], as well as NF-kB and T-cell receptor signaling [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], and DNA repair and transcription [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], to name a few. Similarly, deubiquitinases modulate diverse cellular events, including the cell cycle [ 25 ], apoptosis [ 26 ], receptor signaling [ 16 , 21 ], gene transcription [ 24 ] and DNA repair pathways [ 23 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…It is now widely accepted that ubiquitination also plays a key role in the control of several fundamental biological processes, including the cell cycle [ 15 ], apoptosis [ 16 ], autophagy [ 11 , 14 ], epigenetics [ 17 ], as well as NF-kB and T-cell receptor signaling [ 18 , 19 , 20 , 21 ], and DNA repair and transcription [ 22 , 23 , 24 ], to name a few. Similarly, deubiquitinases modulate diverse cellular events, including the cell cycle [ 25 ], apoptosis [ 26 ], receptor signaling [ 16 , 21 ], gene transcription [ 24 ] and DNA repair pathways [ 23 ]. The ubiquitination system is also conserved throughout evolution and modulates a wide range of biological functions in bacteria and viruses, where it is emerging as a major player in the bacterial pathogenic mechanisms of infectious diseases [ 27 , 28 , 29 , 30 , 31 , 32 ].…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%