“…The characteristic diffraction peaks of CaSnO 3 are found at 2θ values of 18.8, 21.8, 30.9, 33.3, 37.0, 38.3, 47.8, 50.6, 57.4, 62.4, 69.8, 73.8, and 77.9, which correspond to the (101), (110), (020), (112), (021), (121), (022), (221), (213), (312), (133), (233), and (234) planes. These peaks are consistent with the standard single perovskite phase having an orthorhombic crystal structure with JCPDS 01-077-1797 . In contrast, the diffraction peaks of ZnO are located at 2θ values of 31, 34, 36, 47, 56, 62, 67, and 68 and are assigned to the (100), (002), (101), (102), (110), (103), and (112) planes of the hexagonal wurtzite structure of ZnO. ,,, The XRD pattern of the CaSnO 3 –ZnO composite exhibits the diffraction peaks of both the CaSnO 3 and ZnO phases, indicating that they coexist in the heterostructure composite.…”